Abstract
This article shows the results of studies in the course of which in a comparative aspect the LEP polymorphism was studied in subpopulations of Holstein dairy cattle in cows with fatty hepatosis and in healthy animals. This is the first time such studies are being conducted. In this case, a hepothesis about the relationship of genetic markers, in particular the leptin gene, with the risk of developing and progression of fatty liver disease in a model of dairy cows when determining the frequency of occurrence of genotypes with LEP polymorphisms in groups of animals with hepatosis and healthy animals was studied. The aim of the research was to establish the possible influence of the genotype at the leptin locus (polymorphisms Y7F, A80V, R25C) on the frequency of occurrence of fatty hepatosis in dairy cows. In the course of studies on the A80V, R25C, Y7F loci of the leptin gene, 180 cows were genotyped, where 80 animals were diagnosed with fatty hepatosis and 100 animals were healthy. In the group of healthy Holstein cows, compared with the group of animals with pathology, the RC genotypes (R25C polymorphism) were significantly more frequent, the frequency of the CC genotype (R25C polymorphism), on the contrary, was much higher in the group of animals with fatty hepatosis. Similar trends were noted for another polymorphism (A80V).
Highlights
Hepatosis is a term characterizing a number of pathologies of the hepatobiliary system, the main signs of which are dystrophic changes in the liver parenchyma, occurring without pronounced indicators of inflammation
Numerous studies have proven that the risk of hepatosis in a herd of high-yielding cows is largely connected with metabolic disorders associated with modern milk production technology
In the course of studies using molecular biological methods 180 blood samples of Holstein cows were analyzed for leptin gene loci Y7F, A80V, R25C, 80 animals of which were comprehensively diagnosed with fatty liver disease and 100 animals were healthy
Summary
Hepatosis is a term characterizing a number of pathologies of the hepatobiliary system, the main signs of which are dystrophic changes in the liver parenchyma, occurring without pronounced indicators of inflammation. Fatty liver disease (fatty hepatosis) over the past decades has become one of the most common forms of this organ damage throughout the world, both in humans and in animals. Fatty hepatosis is sometimes recorded up to half of the precedents of general gastroenterological pathology. The economic damage caused by the disease consists of a significant percentage of animal deaths, a decrease in milk production of cows (by 15-26%), a decrease in body weight gain (by 10-15%), culling of every 8-10 liver and deterioration in the quality of meat and milk [1,2,3,4]. Numerous studies have proven that the risk of hepatosis in a herd of high-yielding cows is largely connected with metabolic disorders associated with modern milk production technology. Functional changes in its work lead to the occurrence of disorders, both in organ systems and in the body as a whole
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