The Relationship between Periodontal Disease and Predisposing Factors

Abstract

Periodontitis is an inflammatory lesion mediated by host-bacterial interactions which results in a non-resolving inflammation that leads to local connective tissue attachment loss from the tooth surface, loss of alveolar bone and ultimately tooth loss Indeed, periodontal disease is the leading cause of tooth loss in the western world and developing countries. The aims of this study was to estimate the relationships between periodontal disease and predisposing factors. One hundred eighty samples (paper point inserted into periodontal pocket) were examined in the present study . Patients were of both sexes(140 males and 40 females).Their ages ranged from 16-69 years old. Clinical measurements of periodontal parameters used included dental plaque index, gingival index, bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth and clinical attachment loss . The results showed that periodontal disease was the most common in age group 20-29 years old and only a case reported with periodontal disease in 65 years old patients. According to sex distribution of patients, periodontal disease was mostly found in males than females. The periodontitis was more common in non-educated,treated ,smoking patients they living in rural area than educated,non treated ,non-smoking patients . they living in urban area.The most common anaerobic periodontal bacteria isolated from patients were peptostreptococcus prevotii which represented 15(8.3%) isolates, while prevotella intermedia, prevotella melani, prevotella disiens, Bifidobacterium sp., Fusibacterium mortiferum peptostreptococcus tetradius ,and Wolinella sp. represented only 1 (0.5%) of anaerobic isolates .Also another anaerobic subgingival bacteria isolated from inflamed sites in patients were fusibacterium varium, vellionella sp., campylobacter gracilis, capnocytophaga sp., peptostreptococcus magnus, peptostreptococcus micros, peptostreptococcus niger,peptostreptococcus anaerobius, staphylococcus saccharolyticus, streptococcus consellatus, and gemella morbillorum.