The Relationship Between Macronutrient Intake And Menarche Age in Adolescent Girls At Junior High School 13 Padang

Background: Menarche is the first menstruation experienced by adolescent girls. The age of menarche in Indonesia has decreased from 13 years in 2010 to 12.4 years in 2018. The age of menarche is influenced by internal and external factors, some of the factors are macronutrient intake, physical activity, and nutritional status. The decrease in age at menarche is associated with an increased likelihood of uterine myoma, dysmenorrhea, and breast cancer. Objectives: To analyze the relationship between macronutrient intake, physical activity, nutritional status and age at menarche in adolescents Girl 9-15 years old. Methods: This research used cross sectional design with sample size of 87 adolescent girls who had experienced menstruation and selected using simple random sampling. Data were collected by macronutrient intake used Semi-Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQFFQ), physical activity used Short Form International Physical Activity Questionnaire (SF-IPAQ), anthropometric data to assess nutritional status through measurement of body weight and height and age of menarche used a self-report questionnaire. Data was analyzed by t-test, chi-square and linear regression with 95% confidence level. Result: There was a significant relationship between fat intake (­p = 0,049) and nutritional status (β = -0.92, p <0.001) with the age of menarche. The results of the analysis showed that there was no significant relationship between energy intake (p = 0,058), protein intake (p = 0,178), carbohydrate intake (p = 0,099), and physical activity (p = 0,422) with age at menarche. Conclusions: fat intake and nutritional status during adolescence is related to the age of menarche. Prevention for cancer in women should be carried out as early as possible when adolescent girls have not menarche. One of prevention is managing the nutritional status of adolescent girls by paying attention to diet. Keywords: nutritional status, macronutrient intake, physical activity, age at menarche, adolescent girls

Firstly, to compare food, and macronutrient intake as obtained from a single 24-h recall and a frequency questionnaire (FQ) covering a 14-day period in breast-fed infants aged 4 months of age. Secondly, nonbreast milk water intake (NB-WI, ml/day) was used as an estimation of energy and macronutrient intake, and NB-WI as calculated from FQ (NB-WIFQ) was compared with NB-WI as measured using the dose-to-the-mother 2H2O turnover method (NB-WIDO) covering the same 14-day period. Cross-sectional. Community-based study in urban Pelotas, Southern Brazil. In all, 67 breast-fed infants aged 4 months of age recruited at birth. (1) Bias in estimations of food and macronutrient intake of the 24-h recall relative to FQ; (2) Bias in NB-WIFQ relative to NB-WIDO. In infants with an energy intakeFQ from complementary foods above the 50th percentile (1.03 kcal/day), estimations of water, tea, juice, and milk intake were not different between 24-h recall and FQ (n=34). Nor were estimations of energy and macronutrient intake (protein, fat, and carbohydrates) different between the two methods, and bias was nonsignificant. NB-WIDO was divided into quintiles and compared with NB-WI(FQ). The first two quintiles included negative values for NB-WIDO as a result of random errors of the 2H2O turnover method. Subsequently, bias of NB-WIFQ relative to NB-WIDO was positive in the 1st (P=0.001) and 2nd quintile (P=0.638), respectively. Bias was negative for the three highest quintiles, and within this group, underestimation by FQ was significant for the 3rd and 4th quintile (-57.4%, P=0.019; -43.7%, P=0.019). Firstly, at the age of 4 months FQ covering a 14-day period provides similar results on food and macronutrient intake as compared to a single 24-h recall for estimations of complementary liquid foods. Secondly, NB-WIFQ appeared to be a good proxy for macronutrient and energy intake in breast-fed infants receiving other liquids. In infants with NB-WIDO>0, the method provides a useful tool for the detection of bias from FQ, and results indicate an underestimation from FQ relative to the 2H2O turnover method. This exercise could be applied wherever the 2H2O turnover method is used in combination with conventional food consumption techniques for measuring intake of nonbreast milk liquids of breast-fed infants in whom solid foods have not yet been introduced. It would help interpreting estimations of macronutrient intake, and could be relevant to studies of dietary intake of infants and its relationship with growth and health.

BackgroundThere is growing evidence that individuals with cardiovascular disease (CVD) are more likely to develop depression. The timing of food intake can significantly alter the body’s circadian rhythm and affect the occurrence of depression. Currently, it is unknown whether and how energy or macronutrient intake times are associated with depression in adults with CVD.ObjectiveTo evaluate dietary energy or macronutrient intake (across three meals) associations with depression in adults with CVD in a nationally representative sample.MethodsThe study population consisted of 3,490 U.S. adults with CVD (including 554 with depression) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003–2018. Energy and macronutrient intake was measured by a 24-h dietary recall, and depression was diagnosed by the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9, score ≥ 10). According to dietary energy or macronutrient intake across three meals, adults with CVD were divided into five groups. Logistic regression analysis was performed to examine associations between energy or macronutrient intake and depression after adjusting for a series of confounding factors, including age, gender, education level, household income, smoking status, drinking status, physical activity, marital status, skipping breakfast/lunch/dinner, total energy, carbohydrate, protein, dietary fiber, SFA, MUFA, and PUFA intake, T2DM and hypertension status, and BMI. Dietary substitution models were used to explore changes in depression risk when 5% dietary energy intake at dinner or lunch was substituted with energy intake at breakfast.ResultsWhen compared with participants in the lowest quintile of breakfast energy intake, those who received energy intake in the highest quintile at breakfast were associated with lower depression risk in those with CVD, and the adjusted odds ratio (OR) was 0.71 (95% CI, 0.51 to 0.91). When compared with participants in the lowest quintile of lunch or dinner energy intake, the risk of depression did not exhibit statistical significance when lunch or dinner energy intake was in the highest quintile, and the adjusted ORs were 1.08 (95% CI, 0.65 to 1.83) and 0.92 (95% CI, 0.62 to 1.37), respectively. Isocalorically replacing 5% of total energy at dinner or lunch with breakfast was associated with 5% (OR: 0.95, 95% CI 0.93 to 0.97) and 5% (OR: 0.95, 95% CI 0.93 to 0.96) lower risk of depression, respectively.ConclusionsHigh energy intake at breakfast may be associated with a lower risk of depression in those with CVD. We should focus on the potential role of breakfast energy intake in preventing the onset of depression.

Jordan has encountered changes in demographic and food consumption patterns during the last few decades as a result of the nutrition transition and westernized food habits. This paper aims to evaluate the trends in energy and macronutrient intakes in Jordan based on the data of Jordan Household Expenditure and Income Surveys (JHEIS) 1992-2010. The amounts of consumed food items were analyzed to estimate the intakes of energy and macronutrients for different governorates using (Food Processor SQL Nutrition and Fitness Software, 2010). The average estimated annual per capita intake (kg) for different food groups in the 2010 survey was the lowest since 1992 for legumes and oils and fats, whereas it was the highest for dairy products and eggs. The 2010 percentage of energy contribution of the food groups was the highest for meat and poultry, fish, and dairy products and eggs; whereas it was the lowest for grains, legumes, and fruits and vegetables. Additionally, there was a trend of increased energy intake in 2010 in comparison with previous JHEIS data. Energy intake of Jordanians has increased in 2010 as compared with average energy intake obtained in previous JHEIS surveys since 1992. In addition, the consumption of foods of animal-origin was increased, whereas the consumption of foods of plant-origin was decreased.

There has been a decrease in the age of menarche in the last few years. Various degenerative diseases can appear due to early menarche, women with early menarche have a relatively higher risk of heart disease, breast cancer, and increase 2.3 times the risk of metabolic syndrome regardless of ethnicity and race. Early menarche can be caused by genetic factors or changes in environmental factors, maternal age of menarche (genetic), nutritional status,and lifestyle. The purpose of this research is to find out the relationship of dietary intake, nutritional status, and maternal age of menarche with early menarche in adolescents in the Perumahan Bumi Pertiwi 2, Bogor. This study uses a cross sectional design with research subjects is adolescents with aged 10-14 years and life in the Perumahan Bumi Pertiwi 2 as many as 40 people. The variables studied in this study were food intake, nutritional status, and age of maternal menarche. The results of this study are there is a relationship between protein intake and nutritional status with the age of menarche, while the energy intake, fat, carbohydrates, calcium, and the age of maternal menarche have no relationship with the age of menarche in adolescents in the Bumi Pertiwi 2

Worldwide, there are socioeconomic inequalities in health and diet. We studied the relationship between education and nutrient intake in 11,302 women and men aged 40–96 years who participated in the seventh survey of the population-based Tromsø Study (2015–2016), Norway (attendance 65%). Diet was assessed using a validated food-frequency questionnaire. We examined the association between education and intake of total energy and macronutrients by sex using linear and logistic regression models adjusted for age, body mass index, leisure time physical activity and smoking. The intake of macronutrients was compared with the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2012. There was a positive association between education and intake of fiber and alcohol, and a negative association between education and intake of total carbohydrates and added sugar in both women and men. Participants with long tertiary education had higher odds of being compliant with the recommended intake of fiber and protein and the maximum recommended level for added sugar and had lower odds of being compliant with the recommended intake of total carbohydrates and the maximum recommended level for alcohol, compared to participants with primary education. Overall, we found that participants with higher education were more compliant with the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2012.

93. The P4 study: Micronutrient intake in women 6 months after hypertensive versus normotensive pregnancy

Introduction Early age of pubertal onset is associated with increased sleep disturbances in girls; however, little is known about whether age of menarche is associated with sleep health in adolescent girls, particularly using objective sleep measures such as actigraphy. We examined whether age of menarche is associated with both actigraphic and self-reported sleep health among adolescent girls in a large, diverse population. Given the literature showing earlier age of menarche in Black and Hispanic girls, we also examined whether race/ethnicity moderated this relationship. Methods Data from 1,558 female participants who had experienced menarche (range: 8-16y) and had self-reported sleep outcomes were obtained from the age 15 wave of the Future of Families and Child Wellbeing Study. Self-reported sleep outcomes included trouble falling and trouble staying asleep, bedtimes, wake times, and sleep duration on school days and weekends. Actigraphic sleep measures, including sleep onset, sleep duration, sleep maintenance efficiency, and wake after sleep onset (WASO), were collected in a subsample of 403 female adolescents (range: 8-14.7y) who participated in the sleep sub-study. Multiple linear regression analyses examined the association between age of menarche in years and dimensions of sleep health adjusting for age at survey completion, race/ethnicity, family structure, household income, and parental education. Results Among the full sample, 1 year later age of menarche was associated with.18 fewer nights/week having trouble falling asleep (p<.001) and.14 fewer nights/week staying asleep (p<.001). Among the actigraphy sub-sample, 1 year later age of menarche was associated with.20 fewer nights/week having trouble staying asleep (p=.016),.22% higher nightly sleep maintenance efficiency (p=.045), and 1.5 fewer minutes WASO/night (p=.010). Race/ethnicity moderated some results such that the association between later age of menarche and fewer insomnia symptoms was stronger in White adolescent girls compared to Hispanic adolescent girls and not significant among Black adolescent girls. Conclusion Later age of menarche is associated with better actigraphic sleep quality and fewer self-reported insomnia symptoms at age 15, particularly among White girls. Future research should examine whether age of menarche predicts sleep health later in life. Support (if any) R25-HL147668, R01HD073352, R01HD36916, R01HD39135, and R01HD40421.

This study assessed macronutrient intake and associated factors among school adolescent girls in Meshenti, Northwest Ethiopia, 2020. A cross-sectional study was conducted from 7 to 23 February 2020, among 401 randomly selected adolescent girls. Macronutrient intake was assessed using a 24-h dietary recall with portion size estimation. Nutrient data were analysed with Elizabeth Stewart Hands and Associates FOOD PROCESSOR software and compared with WHO/FAO recommendations - 2200 kcal for energy and 34-46 g for protein. Factors associated with inadequate macronutrient intake were identified using multivariable logistic regression. The study was conducted in an institutional setting. This study was conducted among school adolescent girls. The median (IQR) energy intake was 2040·23 (1648·24-2744·51), and the mean (sd) protein intake was 63·88 (20·99). About 57·6 % (95 % CI: 52·9, 62·8 %) had inadequate energy intake, and 18·5 % (95 % CI: 14·7, 22·2 %) had inadequate protein intake. Inadequate energy intake was associated with dietary diversity (AOR = 4·31, 95 % CI: 2·20, 8·47), knowledge (AOR = 2·10, 95 % CI: 1·34, 3·28) and meal frequency (AOR = 2·5, 95 % CI: 1·06, 5·95). Factors linked to inadequate protein intake included early adolescence (AOR = 1·89, 95 % CI: 1·08, 3·31), residency (AOR = 0·27, 95 % CI: 0·15, 0·48), dietary diversity (AOR = 3·28, 95 % CI: 1·08, 9·98), knowledge (AOR = 1·82, 95 % CI: 1·04, 3·19) and meal frequency (AOR = 2·94, 95 % CI: 1·35, 6·37). This study revealed high inadequate energy and protein intake. Contributing factors included dietary diversity, knowledge and meal frequency, with age and residence affecting protein intake. Emphasis is needed on early adolescent girls' nutrition education.

Energy and macronutrient intake over the course of the day of German adults: A DEDIPAC-study

Estimation of possible impact of non-caloric fat and carbohydrate substitutes on macronutrient intake in the human

Adolescent girls who were experiencing menstruation often experienced primary dysmenorrhea. Primary dysmenorrhea can be triggered by early menarche. Based on the preliminary survey that has been carried out, it is known that 80% of high school students in Sale District of Rembang were experiencing primary dysmenorrhea. This study aimed to determine the description between the age of menarche and the incidence of primary dysmenorrhea in high school students in Sale District of Rembang. The type of research used was observational with a cross sectional approach. Age of menarche was obtained by filling a questionnaire and the incidence of primary dysmenorrhea through filling a Numeric Rating Scale questionnaire. The sampling was using simple random sampling techniques with research subjects obtained as many as 59 people. The statistical test used to determine the correlation between variables are a chi-square test. The results of the univariate analysis obtained on the age of early menarche was 27,1% and the female students who were experiencing primary dysmenorrhea was 79,7%. The results of the bivariate analysis on the age of menarche, a p-value of 0,018 (p<0,05) was shown. There was a significant correlation between the age of menarche and the incidence of primary dysmenorrhea in high school students in Sale District of Rembang. The research suggests that providing counselling about women's reproductive health and the importance of implementing a healthy lifestyle should be given to high school students.

Gene–environment contributions to energy and macronutrient intakes in 9-year-old children: Results from the Quebec Newborn Twin Study

Dietary intake and physical activity impact performance and adaptation during training. The aims of this study were to compare energy and macronutrient intake during British Army Officer Cadet training with dietary guidelines and describe daily distribution of energy and macronutrient intake and estimated energy expenditure. Thirteen participants (seven women) were monitored during three discrete periods of military training for 9 days on-camp, 5 days of field exercise, and 9 days of a mixture of the two. Dietary intake was measured using researcher-led food weighing and food diaries, and energy expenditure was estimated from wrist-worn accelerometers. Energy intake was below guidelines for men (4,600kcal/day) and women (3,500kcal/day) during on-camp training (men = -16% and women = -9%), field exercise (men = -33% and women = -42%), and combined camp and field training (men and women both -34%). Carbohydrate intake of men and women were below guidelines (6g·kg-1·day-1) during field exercise (men = -18% and women = -37%) and combined camp and field training (men = -33% and women = -39%), respectively. Protein intake was above guidelines (1.2kcal·kg-1·day-1) for men and women during on-camp training (men = 48% and women = 39%) and was below guidelines during field exercise for women only (-27%). Energy and macronutrient intake during on-camp training centered around mealtimes with a discernible sleep/wake cycle for energy expenditure. During field exercise, energy and macronutrient intake were individually variable, and energy expenditure was high throughout the day and night. These findings could be used to inform evidenced-based interventions to change the amount and timing of energy and macronutrient intake around physical activity to optimize performance and adaptations during military training.

Background:Menarche is the first menstrual period and marks the maturity of an adolescent girl's body. In the last decade, there has been an increase in nutritional status of children and adolescents which is often associated with an accelerated age of menarche. Several studies have shown a strong relationship between physical activity, body mass index (BMI) with the age at which menarche occurs in teenage girls. The habit of consuming certain foods such as meat and fast food is proven to accelerate the age of menarche due to an increase in fat levels. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between age of menarche with BMI, physical activity, and vegetable consumption. Methods: This research was conducted using cross-sectional study design. Participants had been filtered by inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria. Selected participants then had their height and weight measured, and filled out an online questionnaire regarding menarche and physical activity. Participants also underwent a 24-hour recall interview to determine their vegetable consumption. Results: Fifty-two participants were recruited in this study. Most of them were 12 and 13 years of age (42.3% each). Based on the results of Kruskal-Wallis test, there was no relationship between age of menarche and BMI (p = 0.071), between age of menarche and physical activity (p=0.251) and between age of menarche and vegetable consumption (p=0.753) Conclusion: In conclusion, based on the results of this study, we did not find any correlation between the age of menarche and BMI, physical activity and vegetable consumption among adolescent girls in West Java region.