Abstract
Identifying the best inbred combinations for the de velopment of commercial hybrid of sunflower remains the main challenge to sunflower breeders. In the pr esent research the level of heterosis of F 1 hybrids, genetic diversity of parental lines based on SSR markers, a s well as its connection with specific combining ab ility of sunflower were studied. Ten sunflower elite inbr ed lines (3 restorer lines and 7 cytoplasmic male s terility lines) and their hybrids were examined for plant he ight, seed yield, thousand seed mass, oil content a nd husk content. Field tests were carried out in 5-6 s easons. The level of heterosis was calculated using measurement of midparent heterosis. Genetic distanc e between pairs of tested sunflower inbred lines ra nged from 0.45 to 0.74. Significant positive correlation was found between genetic distances among lines, measured using SSR markers and midparent heterosis for seed yield of hybrids (r = 0.79 p<0.05). The correlation between genetic distances and the level of midparent heterosis for other studied agronomic traits was not reliable. The dependence of seed yield of h ybrids on genetic distances among parental lines ma y be used for planning of effective crossbreeding of sun flower. Further research is needed to determine the best inbred combinations for the development of commercial hybrid of sunflower.
Highlights
Development of heterotic hybrids is currently the main focus of sunflower breeding (Helianthus annuus)
In the present research the level of heterosis of F1 hybrids, genetic diversity of parental lines based on SSR markers, as well as its connection with specific combining ability of sunflower were studied
These combinations of hybrids may be considered as a unique genetic model that allows analyzing of contribution of maternal organism into heterosis
Summary
Development of heterotic hybrids is currently the main focus of sunflower breeding (Helianthus annuus). Open-pollinated varieties are being substituted in there are a number of hypotheses concerning the nature of heterosis none of them fully explains its molecular biological mechanisms Heterosis hybrids of F1 generation compared to varieties are higher productivity, rate of development and resistance. Obtained data suggest that heterotic can be obtained only from parents with genetically organisms demonstrate increased plasticity, more effective predetermined combining ability. A.V. et al / American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences 9 (3): 270-276, 2014 marker analyses into biological studies opened new opportunities for investigation of heterosis role in selective process; for development of parental inbred lines and analysis of their combining ability (Lariepe et al, 2012; Daisy and Selvi, 2014; Karthikeyan and Rengarajan, 2014)
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