Abstract
Background and objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between dietary intake and bone mineral density in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Methods: A cross-sectional study carried out in Morocco between May 2010 and June 2011, covering out patients with JIA. The characteristics of patients were collected. The nutritional status was assessed by a food questionnaire including data of food intake during 7 consecutive days using 24-hour dietary recall. Food intake was quantified using the software Bilnut (Bilnut version 2.01, 1991). Bone mineral density (BMD in g/cm2) was measured by DXA method (X-ray absorptiometry) on a Lunar Prodigy. Results: The study consisted of 33 patients with JIA (4 - 16 years old). The median age of patients was 10.4 ± 4.3 years. Median disease duration was 2 (1 - 4.5) years. The group of patients with low dietary intake of proteins was associated with low BMD (p = 0.03). Low BMD was related with low intake of magnesium (p = 0.007) and vitamin C (p = 0.04) in children aged between 4 and 9 years. Low intake of vitamin E and folate was associated with high BMD in the other range of children (p < 0.001). Conclusion: This study suggests that low intake of protein and of some micronutrients (magnesium, vitamin C, vitamin E and folate) influence bone mass in children with JIA. Prospective studies with a larger number of patients seem to be necessary in order to confirm our findings.
Highlights
Background and ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the association between dietary intake and bone mineral density in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)
This study suggests that low intake of protein and of some micronutrients influence bone mass in children with JIA
The disease and patients characteristics considered as explanatory measures were: age, gender, diagnosis (JIA subtype), disease duration, disease activity was assessed using a visual analogical scale (VAS), functional disability was determined by using the Moroccan version of Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire (CHAQ) [12], number of tender joints, number of swollen joints and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
Summary
The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between dietary intake and bone mineral density in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Low BMD was related with low intake of magnesium (p = 0.007) and vitamin C (p = 0.04) in children aged between 4 and 9 years. Conclusion: This study suggests that low intake of protein and of some micronutrients (magnesium, vitamin C, vitamin E and folate) influence bone mass in children with JIA. Several studies demonstrate reduced bone mineral density (BMD) in children with JIA [5,6]. There are few studies available in the literature assessing the relation sheep between dietary intake and bone mineral density in children.
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