Abstract
The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between body composition and physical fitness parameters in children. 286 male and 311 female students have voluntarily participated in the study. Data on body composition have been obtained through the measurements of the students’ height, body weight, BMI, body fat percentage, length (sitting height, arm length, forearm length, leg length, thigh lengths), circumference (elbow, shoulder, biceps (flexion) , buttock, knee, waist, calf, ankle). For somatotype characteristics, the Heat-Carter somatotype grading method has been used. The Sit-Reach Flexibility Test (cm) has been used to determine the characteristic of flexibility; the 20 m. Speed Test (seconds) to determine speed; the 20 m. Sit-up test to determine endurance; Takkei hand dynamometer to determine right-left hand grip strength; Takkei back and lift dynamometer for leg strength and the Flamingo Balance Test for balance have been used. In the analysis of data, the SPSS 16 software has been used and T test and Pearson correlation test have been carried out (p<0.05). Between the body composition and physical fitness parameters of female and male students, a statistically significant relationship has been found with the exception of age, arm and waist measurements (p<0.05). In both genders, positive or negative relationships have been found between height, circumference measurements and somatotype characteristics and performance tests (p<0.05). It was found that there is a negative or positive relationship between the heights, circumference measurements and somatotype characteristics and their strength, endurance, speed, flexibility and balance characteristics of female and male children aged 10-12. As a result, it has been seen that the body composition of children aged 10-12 affects the physical fitness parameters. Children in this age group which is both a period of growth and development and skills selection period for numerous sports branches should regularly be followed by their physical education teachers, anthropometric measurements and performance tests should be carried out and the children should be directed towards suitable sports branches.
Highlights
Even if children are the same age, the body type, physical fitness levels, motivations, skills, learning speed, past experiences and family environments are different from one another
The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between the body composition and physical fitness parameters of female and male children aged 10-12
The male students’ max VO2, vertical jump, right-left hand grip strength, leg strength and speed parameters were found to be higher compared to female students; the female students’ flexibility and balance parameters were found to be higher than the male students (Table 2) and a statistically significant relationship has been found between them (p
Summary
Even if children are the same age, the body type, physical fitness levels, motivations, skills, learning speed, past experiences and family environments are different from one another The general aim of studies on body height, structure and composition is to determine and develop physical fitness individually (Artioli et al, 2008). Since there is a relationship especially between body height and many physical and physiological characteristics, these display significant effects on exercise and certain games (Docherty, 1996). Regular exercise has positive effects on children’s somatotype classifications and anthropometric characteristics (Berg et al, 1995) and suitable anthropometric profile and body composition for physical activity are important (Canhadas et al, 2010). Identification of somatotype during childhood is extremely important for skills selection because determining the body shape makes it possible for the emergence of children’s tendency in the sports branch to be participated in the future and competing in an advantageous position in terms of displaying a high performance
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