Abstract
A range of watercress (Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum) explants (stems, hypocotyls, true-leaves, cotyledons and petioles) were tested for their capacity to regenerate adventitious shoots from callus formed using Murashige and Skoog medium containing different concentrations of thidiazuron and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. The highest shoot regeneration rate was a mean of 18 shoots per responding explant from stem callus formed on medium containing 5 μM thidiazuron and 0.05 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. A histological study confirmed that shoots originated directly from callus tissue. Twenty five percent of somaclones exhibited somaclonal variation in leaf shape, plant height, axillary branching or ploidy. The variation in 6% of somaclones was heritable to the first selfed generation. A screening protocol was developed to permit the identification of somaclones with increased resistance to the economically damaging watercress root pathogen, Spongospora subterranea f. sp. nasturtii. Although 883 somaclones were screened using this protocol, no significant increase in disease resistance was detected.
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