Abstract

It is well known that a normed space is uniformly convex (smooth) if and only if its dual space is uniformly smooth (convex). We extend the notions of uniform convexity (smoothness) from normed spaces to countably normed spaces ‘in which there is a countable number of compatible norms’. We get some fundamental links between Lindenstrauss duality formulas. A duality property between uniform convexity and uniform smoothness of countably normed spaces is also given. Moreover, based on the compatibility of those norms, it is interesting to show that ‘from any point in a real uniformly convex complete countably normed space, the nearest point to a nonempty convex closed subset of the space is the same for all norms’, which is helpful in further studies for fixed points.

Highlights

  • Definition . (Uniformly convex space [ – ]) A normed linear space E is called uniformly convex if for any ∈ (, ] there exists a δ = δ( ) > such that if x, y ∈ E with x =, y = and x – y ≥ (x + y) ≤ – δ.Definition . (Modulus of convexity [ – ]) Let E be a normed linear space with dim E ≥

  • In Proposition . , we showed the conditions of equivalence to uniform convexity of countably normed spaces, and in Theorem . , we show the conditions of equivalence to uniform smoothness of countably normed spaces

  • We prove one of the fundamental links between the Lindenstrauss duality formulas

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Summary

Introduction

Let K be a nonempty convex subset of a real normed linear space E. (Metric projection [ , , , ]) Let E be a real uniformly convex and uniformly smooth Banach space, K be a nonempty proper subset of E. By extending some theorems to the case of uniformly convex uniformly smooth countably normed spaces, we prove the existence and uniqueness of nearest points in these spaces.

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