Abstract
The paper presents the problem of the influence of non-uniform horizontal refraction field of the measurement environment on the results of determining the astronomical azimuths and transferring the coordinates in the geodetic tunnel network. The concept of a modular network alignment with simultaneous elimination of the effects of horizontal refraction is presented. Automatic TOTAL STATION and the results of precise angles and distances measurements allow currently effective multi stage linear-angular networks adjustment during tunnelling. The results of the innovative group tunnel networks adjustments are the coordinates of the network points and the elimination of existing disruptions in the course of the sight line. The results achieved so far for theoretical studies of horizontal refraction elimination and error ellipses forecasts for long tunnel networks were presented.
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