The preventive restructuring of companies in difficulties

Abstract

The Republic of Croatia is facing the biggest restructuring of companies in difficulties with substantial involvement of international financial investors. Restructuring is implemented according to a newly adopted Act on extraordinary administration proceeding in companies of systemic significance for the Republic of Croatia. The latter Act was adopted in the aftermath of the business failure of the major retailer i.e. the Agrokor group. The restructuring of the group has soon become a very sensitive political issue and a topic of heated public discussions. The Act has been heavily criticized both by legal scholarship and by the public for being designed for a single group of companies in Croatia, as well as for being incoherent with constitutional principles and existing insolvency legislation. It created a type of debtor-not-in-possession in-court extraordinary administration designed for systemic significant (group of) companies in state of insolvency or pre-insolvency. Departing from this background, this paper aims to provide a wider restructuring picture by comparing three different legal models of preventive corporate restructurings for firms in difficulties: the German protective shield proceedings, the English schemes of arrangment and the Italian extraordinary administration. The authors attempt to evaluate each model’s effectiveness on the basis of relevant studies which indicate their success rate. As far as the Croatian Act is concerned, the paper provides an overview of the development of the preventive restructuring law, while questioning certain aspect of the Act, especially the concept of the company of systemic significance.