Abstract
In this work, prochloraz pH-responsive nanocapsules were developed by the Pickering emulsion polymerization method with isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) as the reaction monomer and nano Fe3O4 particle-branched polyethyleneimine (PEI) as the reaction monomer and surfactant. The physical and chemical properties and sustained release properties were determined by a transmission electron microscope (TEM), field emission transmission electron microscope (FETEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), laser particle size analyzer, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, and contact angle tester. The results indicated that the prochloraz nanocapsules were spherical, the average particle size was about 100 nm, and the encapsulation efficiency and loading rates were 86% and 30%, respectively. The nanocapsules tended to expand in acidic solutions, and this promoted the release of prochloraz more quickly, which could be verified by the biological test of anthrax. At the same time, the prochloraz nanocapsules can protect the pesticide from sunlight. Therefore, this work provides a promising approach to improve the utilization efficiency and prolong the duration of pesticides, which might have a huge potential application prospect.
Highlights
Prochloraz [N-propyl-N-[2-(2,4,6-trichlorophenoxy)ethyl]imidazole1-carboxamide, PCZ] belongs to the group of imidazole fungicides that inhibit ergosterol biosynthesis
We found that the content of the active components in the remaining liquid was about 48.7% of the total amount, and the adsorption recovery was more than 50%
We found that the contact angles of emulsion concentrate (EC), emulsion in water (EW) and nanocapsules were 45.52, 40.58, and 25.28, respectively
Summary
Prochloraz [N-propyl-N-[2-(2,4,6-trichlorophenoxy)ethyl]imidazole1-carboxamide, PCZ] belongs to the group of imidazole fungicides that inhibit ergosterol biosynthesis. It is widely used to control eyespot disease and powdery mildew on cereals, and it is effective against a broad spectrum of fungal diseases affecting fruits and vegetables.[1,2,3] It has been reported that the half-life of prochloraz a er photolysis in an aqueous solution is 10 days. It is necessary to develop a novel formulation to increase the stability of prochloraz in the environment. Pesticides are considered as the most effective way to control weeds, pests, and diseases in modern agriculture for the promotion of grain yields. Traditional pesticides tend to enter the environment through runoff, volatilization, and leaching, leading to serious environmental issues and even hazards to human beings.[4] it is urgent to develop
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