The Predictive Value of Monocyte-to-HDL Cholesterol Ratio in Patients with Dilated Cardiomyopathy and Associated Pulmonary Hypertension.

Purpose This study is aimed at investigating the relationship between red cell distribution width (RDW) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with pulmonary embolism (PE). Methods We conducted a retrospective study enrolling a total of 125 patients from January 2013 to December 2019. The study group consisted of 40 COPD patients with PE, and the control group had 85 COPD patients without PE. Clinical data including demographic characteristics, comorbidities, and results of imaging examinations and laboratory tests were recorded. Blood biomarkers, including red blood cell distribution width standard deviation (RDW-SD), red blood cell distribution width coefficient of variation (RDW-CV), and D-Dimer, were included. Results RDW-SD and RDW-CV were higher in the COPD patients with the PE group (p < 0.001). A higher RDW-SD led to a significantly increased risk of PE than a lower RDW-SD (adjusted odds ratio (OR): 1.188; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.048-1.348). The area under the curve (AUC) of RDW-SD used for predicting PE was 0.737. Using 44.55 as the cutoff value of RDW-SD, the sensitivity was 80% and the specificity was 64.7%. The prediction accuracy of RDW-SD combined with D-Dimer (AUC = 0.897) was higher than that of RDW-SD or D-Dimer alone. The optimal cutoff value of RDW-SD+D-Dimer for predicting PE was 0.266, which generated a sensitivity of 87.5% and specificity of 83.5%. Conclusion RDW is significantly increased in COPD patients with PE and may thus be useful in predicting the occurrence of PE in patients with COPD.

Nonhuman primates have long been studied and managed in research centers, zoos, and farms, but there is still a lack of information regarding their illnesses. The present study aimed to establish the echocardiographic parameters of normality among primates of the genus Ateles (spider monkey) that are housed at the Zoo of the City of Rio de Janeiro – RIOZOO Foundation. Nine specimens of the same species were used, 5 females and 4 males, that were clinically healthy, young adults, with an approximate captive age of 2 to 3 years, and an average weight of 8.5 kg. The animals were physically restrained with a net and soon after, chemical containment was carried out by means of an association of ketamine hydrochloride at a dose of 8 mg per kg and midazolam at 0.5 mg per kg, intramuscularly. The animals were submitted to chemical restraint to establish the clinical evaluation, blood collection for complete blood count and biochemical measurements, urine collection for urinalysis, chest X-ray in the ventro-dorsal and latero-lateral positions, and electrocardiographic exams, with all the parameters within the normal range, in addition to echocardiographic examination, which became the means by which the study parameters were acquired. During this examination, the following values were evaluated: cardiac output, ejection fraction, final cardiac volume, heart rate, left atrial diameter, aorta diameter, ratio between the diameters of the left atrium and aorta artery, thickness of the interventricular septum in diastole, diameter of the left ventricle in diastole, thickness of the free wall of the left ventricle in diastole, thickness of the interventricular septum in systole, diameter of the left ventricle in systole, thickness of the free wall of the left ventricle in the systole, left ventricular end systolic volume, left ventricular end diastolic volume, septum bending fraction, fraction of curving of the posterior wall, septal separation, and shortening fraction. With the data obtained, tables were drawn with the echocardiographic values of the species studied under sedation.

The objective of the present study was to determine the associations between the FAMACHA© score, body condition score (BCS) and several haematological parameters of Pelibuey ewes. In total, 52 clinically healthy Pelibuey ewes were evaluated in this study. A blood sample was collected from each animal to determine haematological variables. The BCS was evaluated on a scale of 1 to 5 and subsequently grouped into four categories: (1) < 1.5, (2) 2.0-2.5, (3) 3.0-3.5 and (4) > 4.0. The coloration of conjunctival mucosa was evaluated using the FAMACHA© system. The analysed haematological parameters were red blood cell (RBC) count, haemoglobin (HGB), haematocrit (HCT), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), red blood cell distribution width standard deviation (RDW-SD) and red blood cell distribution width coefficient of variation (RDW-CV). A descriptive statistical analysis was performed, and the Pearson correlation coefficients between variables were estimated. Haematological parameters were analysed with one-way analyses of variance, and the Tukey test was applied when significant differences were detected. The FAMACHA© score was only associated with MCHC (r = - 0.30, P < 0.05). The haematological parameters of RBC count, HCT, RDW-SD and RDW-CV statistically differed among BCS groups. The BCS was associated with RBC count, HCT, RDW-SD and RDW-CV, with r values ranging from 0.35 to 0.48. The haematological values were similar to those reported in ewes from Iran and Iraq. Hence, the optimization of the BCS calculation of Pelibuey ewes can generate association tables with haematological parameters to aid in the sanitary and feeding management of sheep.

Evaluation of the acute and sub-chronic oral toxicity of the herbal formula Xiaoer Chaigui Tuire Oral Liquid

This study aimed to investigate the association between red blood cell distribution width (RDW) and the risk of coronary artery lesions (CALs) in patients with Kawasaki disease (KD). A total of 1355 patients who met the diagnostic criteria for KD were reviewed between January 2018 and December 2019, including 636 patients with CALs and 719 patients without CALs. Blood samples for RDW were obtained at admission (before intravenous immunoglobulin treatment). A logistic regression analysis was performed, and a receiver operating characteristic curve was constructed to determine the prognostic value of RDW standard deviation (RDW-SD) and RDW coefficient of variation (RDW-CV). The study was registered at www.chictr.org.cn, No.: ChiCTR 2000040980. The results showed that RDW-SD increased in patients with complete KD and CALs compared with patients with complete KD without CALs (39 fL vs. 38 fL, respectively; p = 0.000). RDW-CV in patients with complete KD and CALs was significantly higher compared with patients with completed KD without CALs (p = 0.000). Further multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that RDW-SD was an independent marker of CALs in patients with complete KD (p = 0.001), but no association was found between RDW-CV and CALs. The area under the curve of RDW-SD for predicting CALs in patients with complete KD was 0.606 (95% confidence interval 0.572–0.640; p = 0.000) with a sensitivity and specificity of 61% and 55%, respectively, when the optimal cut-off value of RDW-SD was 38.5 fL. RDW-CV increased in patients with incomplete KD and CALs compared with patients without CALs (13.55% vs 13.3%, respectively; p = 0.004), and multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that RDW-CV was an independent marker of CALs in patients with incomplete KD (p = 0.021). The area under the curve of RDW-CV for predicting CALs in patients with incomplete KD was 0.597 (95% confidence interval 0.532–0.661; p = 0.004) with a sensitivity and specificity of 40% and 77%, respectively, when the optimal cut-off value of RDW-SD was 13.85%. Conclusion: RDW can be used as an independent predictive marker of CALs in patients with KD, but the type of KD should be considered. RDW-SD was an independent marker of CALs in patients with complete KD, while RDW-CV was a predictor of incomplete KD.

Studies published during the last decade seem to indicate red blood cell parameters as inexpensive, rapidly available, and simple tools for the assessment of prognosis in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). To evaluate the prognostic value of red cell parameters determined in a routine blood count in patients with CHF. The study group included 165 patients with the New York Heart Association (NYHA) class II-IV CHF hospitalised in the 2nd Department of Cardiology in Bydgoszcz. On the first day of hospitalisation, all patients in the study group underwent a complete blood count with an assessment of haemoglobin (Hb) level, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and red blood cell distribution width (RDW). Follow-up was carried over 24 months by phone calls every 3 months. MCV, MCH and MCHC were not shown to be significant predictors of mortality in CHF patients at 1 and 2 years of follow-up. In univariate analysis at 1-year follow-up, the following variables were significantly associated with the occurrence of the study endpoint: Hb level (p = 0.022; HR = 0.80), RDW (p = 0.004; HR = 1.257), and N-terminal pro-B-type na-triuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) level (p = 0.0001; HR = 1). At 2 years of follow-up, the following variables were significantly associated with the occurrence of the study endpoint: left ventricular ejection fraction (p = 0.018; HR = 0.956), NYHA class (p = 0.007; HR = 0.378), RDW (p = 0.044; HR = 1.175), and NT-proBNP level (p < 0.001; HR = 1). Multivariate analysis for 1-year follow-up showed that RDW and NT-proBNP level were independent significant predictors of mortality, while NT-proBNP level (p = 0.006; HR = 1) and NYHA class (p = 0.024; HR = 0.439) were significant predictors of mortality at 2 years of follow-up. Based on receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the cut-off RDW was 15.00% (AUC = 0.63; 0.523-0.737), at 12 months of follow-up and 14.00% (AUC = 0.6; 0.504-0.697), at 24 months of follow-up. The cut-off for Hb level was 13.9 g/dL (AUC = 0.662; 0.553-0.77), at 12 months of follow-up and 12.2 g/dL (AUC = 0.581; 0.482-0.681), at 24 months of follow-up. Baseline RDW and Hb level in patients hospitalised with the diagnosis of NYHA class II-IV CHF seem to be important predictors of mortality in this population. Among the red blood cell parameters, only RDW was shown to be an independent prognostic factor at 1 year of follow-up but it appeared to lose its significance during longer-term follow-up.

Introduction. At present, Russia occupies one of the leading places in the world in ethanol consumption per capita. The actual and unsolved problem remains the diagnosis and prevention of chronic alcoholism. The definition of carbohydrate-deficient transferrin proposed by many authors has many drawbacks, in particular, a rather high cost, as well as a limited sensitivity of the index after two weeks from an episode of ethanol consumption. For this reason, it seems necessary to search for alternative biomarkers of chronic alcoholism. One of the applicants for the role of a marker of chronic alcohol intoxication is the Red blood cell Distribution Width - standard deviation (RDW-SD). The article contains the results of a study of changes in the standard deviation of the RDW-SD in the venous blood of patients with acute ethanol poisoning in cases with chronic alcohol intoxication.The aim of this work was to quantify the change in RDW-SD in patients with alcohol dependence (chronic alcohol intoxication) during periods of exacerbation (acute alcohol poisoning of moderate severity). Material and methods. The research materials were clinical blood tests of 245 patients on the first day after admission to the Department of Toxicology of the I.I. Dzanelidze. Research Institute of Emergency Medicine.Results. From the literature, it is known that the RDW-SD is largely associated with folic acid deficiency. Vitamin B9 deficiency can significantly increase the risk of cardiovascular disease due to the development of hyperhomocysteinemia in patients. Particular attention is required for patients aged 46-65 years, who have the highest level of RDW-SD with an increased risk of developing cardiovascular events. At the same time, the highest mortality rate in this age group from the reasons associated with the use of ethanol is noted, which gives reason to consider RDW-SD as one of the possible indices of the mortality risk. Conclusion. The possibility of using the magnitude of the change in the RDW-SD index as a biomarker of chronic alcohol intoxication in patients with a certain risk of cardiovascular complications is discussed with the rationale for the appointment of folic acid preparations as part of the complex treatment of chronic alcohol intoxication.

The objectives of this study were to compare the clinical hematological changes under anesthetization in Crucian carp (Carassius auratus auratus) due to treatment with local anesthetics. Our data indicate that the values declined significantly (P ＜ 0.05) with dissolved oxygen amount after anesthetization, furthermore, the values increased significantly (P ＜ 0.05) with blood carbon dioxide amount after anesthetization with local anesthetic. The values of platelet (PLT), red blood cell distribution width coefficient of variation (RDW-CV) significantly declined (P ＜ 0.05) white blood cells (WBC), red blood cells (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB), hematocrit (HCT), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC). Red blood cell distribution width standard deviation (RDW-SD), plateletcrit (PCT), mean platelet volume (MPV) significantly increased (P ＜ 0.05) but PLT values dropped to 30% of the originally worth with local anesthetics. Key words : Blood property tests, carbon dioxide amount, Crucian carp, dissolved oxygen amount, local anesthetics.

Research done on 40 patients; 24 males, 20-79 years, and 16 females, 42-67 years; referred to dialysis unit, Baqubah hospital, in November and December, 2021; January and February 2022. Creatinine, Urea and Iron, record high levels. Glucose, calcium, sodium, potassium, and phosphate, were within normal, and low levels of albumin. Means of Total Erythrocyte Counts (TECs), hemoglobin (Hb), Hematocrit% (HCT), and Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC), showed lowered level. While, Mean Cell Volume (MCV), Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH), Mean Red Blood Cell Distribution Width- Standard Deviation (RDW-SD), Mean Red Blood Cell Distribution Width- Coefficient of Variation (RDW-CV), were within normal. Total Leucocyte Counts (TLCs), Neutrophils, Lymphocytes, Eosinophil, Basophils, were within normal, Platelet Counts and related parameter were within normal. Within ranges some values were higher than normal as, potassium, phosphate, (RDW-SD), (RDW-CV), Neutrophils%, Eosinophil%, Lymphocytes, Mean Platelets Volume (MPV). While some other values were lower as sodium, (TRCs), (Hb), (HCT %), (MCV), (MCH), (MCHC), (RDW-SD), (TLCs), Lymphocytes%, platelets, Platelet Distribution Width (PDW), Platelet- Large Cell Ratio (P-LCR). But some values of glucose, and calcium, were high, and some other low. At the same time Monocytes%, Basophils% was within normal range. In conclusion creatinine and urea levels have an important role in diagnosis and follow- up of kidney failure. All patients have high levels of urea, iron and creatinine. But not all have higher level of potassium and glucose. Sodium and albumin, showed decreased level. Blood picture revealed microcytic, hypochromic anemia; as (TECs), (Hb), (HCT %), (MCHC) and (RDW-SD) were of lower values.

ABSTRACTIntroduction:Heart disease in pregnancy possesses a great haemodynamic challenge and is a known risk for increased maternal morbidity and mortality. The functional status of the patient is one of the most significant parameters which can impact the feto-maternal outcome. Many predictors have been studied and compiled in various scoring systems time and again. The most updated and validated is the modified WHO classification, according to which the presence of pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) and severe ventricular dysfunction (ejection fraction <30%) mandates the patient to be under class IV, which along with another important risk factor, i.e., New York heart association (NYHA) class, is revaluated under the present study. The objective of this study is to examine three of the most important predictors of adverse outcomes, i.e., functional status (NYHA class), PAH, and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in patients with heart disease in pregnancy.Methods:It’s a prospective study from January 2016 to August 2017 wherein pregnant patients with heart disease were divided on the basis of NYHA class, PAH, and LVEF, and the feto-maternal outcome was recorded and evaluated in terms of maternal mortality, fetal demise, the occurrence of major cardiac complication, and risk of preterm delivery.Results:A total of three out of 29 (10.34%) maternal deaths were attributed to a cardiac cause. 5.45% of patients with heart disease had maternal mortality, which is in contrast to the 1.12% maternal mortality rate in general at our centre. Three out of 17 (17.64%) patients in NYHA classes 3 and 4 ended in maternal deaths, while there were no mortalities in classes 1 and 2. Intrauterine fetal demise (23.52%), risk of preterm delivery (relative risk = 0.4688; 95% CI: 0.2320 to 0.9470) was significantly higher in patients belonging to NYHA classes 3 and 4 as compared to those in classes 1 and 2. All of the ten (100%) patients who developed cardiac complications belonged to classes 3 and 4. The percentage of abortions (20.00%), intra uterine fetal demise (IUFD) (40.00%), and cardiac complication (80%) in patients with LVEF <44% were significantly more than in patients with better ejection fraction. Pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) ≥ is associated with higher maternal mortality, a greater number of abortions and IUFD (22.62%), cardiac complication (22.72%), and increased risk of preterm birth (0.5769; 95% CI: 0.2801 to 1.188), but these associations are not found to be significant.Conclusion:NYHA class was found to be a very strong predictor followed by left ventricular ejection fraction for poor outcome. Maternal mortality in asymptomatic patients or patients with mild symptoms (NYHA classes 1 and 2) is comparable to that found in the general population. However, pulmonary artery systolic pressure is not found to be significantly associated with worse outcomes in our study.

To determine the M-mode echocardiography reference measurements for Brazilian random bred cats in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Cats presenting for routine care were examined by M-mode echocardiography. Animals with free wall values ​​of the left ventricle and/or interventricular septum above 5 mm were not included. A total of 125 cats were included in the study. The correlation of the body score condition (BSC) with the echocardiography measurements was positive for left ventricle wall in systole (LVWs) and left ventricular wall in diastole (LVWd) . The LVWd values of BSCs 3 and 4 were different , and those of BSCs 3 and 5 were also different. The LVWs values of BSCs 3 and 5 were different . The correlated effect between BSC and the echocardiography measurements was true for the left atrium , left atrium/aorta ratio, ventricular septum in diastole, ventricular septum in systole, LVWs, LVWd, left ventricle in diastole, left ventricle in systole, ejection fraction and shortening fraction. The M-mode echocardiography evaluation of cats is impacted by the animal’s body mass; therefore, the BSC must be taken into consideration when interpreting echocardiography measurements.

The aim of the research was to assess effects of short and long-period exposure to radiation from mobile phone on blood indices in experimental rats. In this study forty mature female rats were used; the animals were divided into two experimental group, each group consists of twenty animals. Short-period group of rats were exposed to cell phone radiation for different duration 30 m, 60 m, and 90 m per day for six weeks. Long-period group of rats were exposed to radiation from mobile phone for different duration 2h, 4h, and 6h per day for three months. The study noticed that there was significant (P≥0.05) elevation in total white blood cells and the study demonstrated significant increment (P≥0.05) in percentage of lymphocytes (71.1%) of rats which exposed to radiation from mobile phone for short-period in (90 minutes) compared to the control group (42.64%). While, the study revealed that there was a significantly (P≥0.05) lower percentage of neutrophils (15.36%) in rats that were exposed to mobile phone radiation for long-period in (6 hours) compared with the control group (52.12%).The study recorded that there was a significant (P≥0.05) elevation in total red blood corpuscles and packed cell volume of rats exposed to radiation from mobile phone for short and long-period in different times compared with control. On the other hand, the research indicated that there was a significant (p≤0.05) decrement in mean corpuscles volume (MCV), mean corpuscle hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscle hemoglobin concentration and red blood cell distribution width standard deviation (RDW-SD) of rats to radiation from mobile phone for short and long-period in different times than control group.

The aim of this study was to evaluate New York Heart Association (NYHA) class and systolic pulmonary artery pressure (sPAP) as survival predictors in major interstitial lung diseases (ILD) including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), non-specific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) and hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) and in other ILD like granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA). We analyzed survival, NYHA class, sPAP, and Octreoscan uptake index (UI) in 104 ILD patients (59 IPF, 19 NSIP, 10 HP and 16 GPA; median age 60.5 years) all referred to a single centre. Median survival was 68 months, with 1- and 2-year survival of 91% and 78%, respectively. Survival was lower among IPF and NSIP vs. HP and GPA patients (p=0.01). NYHA class 3-4 was more frequent among IPF (76.3%) vs. NSIP patients (31.6%; p<0.001). HP and GPA had NYHA class 1-2. NYHA class was negatively associated with survival (class 1=90.3 months vs. class 3=18.3 months and class 4=5.1 months; p=0.001). sPAP was >55 mmHg in 76.3% of patients with IPF and 35-55 mmHg in 63.2% of patients with NSIP. Patients with HP and GPA had sPAP < 55 mmHg. Among patients with IPF, NYHA and sPAP were negatively associated with survival (p<0.01) both showed a parallel trend. High-resolution computed tomography and survival were worse among IPF and NSIP vs. HP and GPA patients (p<0.001). Octreoscan UI was <10, 10-12, and >12 in IPF, NSIP, HP and GPA, respectively. Octreoscan UI was negatively associated with survival (p=0.002). NYHA class and sPAP are comparable ILD survival predictors. NYHA class is correlated with worse prognosis for IPF and NSIP vs. HP and GPA patients.

PurposeA retrospective study was conducted to determine the value of shear wave elastography (SWE) and red blood cell distribution width (RDW) in the diagnosis of various forms of erectile dysfunction (ED).MethodsWith the method of Nocturnal Penile Tumescence and Rigidity (NPTR) and the screening method of Color Duplex Doppler Ultrasound (CDDU), hematological data were collected from 131 individuals, among whom 24 are with psychogenic ED, 48 are with non-arterial ED(NAED) and 59 are with arterial ED(AED) with erectile dysfunction. SWE value of penile corpus cavernosum(CCP) and cavernous arterial flow velocity were measured before (flaccid state) and after (erect state) intracavernous injection (ICI) in all patients.ResultsAmong the AED patients and other types of ED patients, there were statistically significant differences in the abridged five-item International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5), red blood cell distribution width-coefficient of variation (RDW-CV), red blood cell distribution width-standard deviation (RDW-SD), and SWE values (all P < 0.01). In the AED patients, the IIEF-5 scores had a significant negative relationship with RDW-CV, RDW-SD, and SWE values, with SWE values having the strongest correlation. (p < 0.001, r=-0.638).ConclusionThe combination of RDW level and SWE value demonstrated the greatest performance in diagnosing AED, according to the receiver-operator characteristic(ROC) curve analysis (AUC = 0.870, p < 0.0001, cut-off value of 0.75, sensitivity of 74.6%, specificity of 91.7%).RDW and SWE value may develop into an incredibly simple, practical tool for predicting and diagnosing AED.Trial registrationretrospectively registered.

To evaluate the response to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) and the correlation between CRT and pulmonary artery hemodynamic parameters. The patients with chronic heart failure indicator for CRT were enrolled. The left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV) was measured by echocardiography and New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification was evaluated between one week before and six months after CRT. Mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP), pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) were measured by right heart catheterization. Left ventricular reverse remodeling (LVRR) is defined as a decrease of 15% or more in LVESV at the 6th month after CRT; Clinical response is defined as a decrease of NYHA classification at or above grade 1 at the 6th month after CRT. Pulmonary hypertension (PH) was defined as mPAP≥25 mmHg. According to the response, patients were divided into 3 groups: group A (LVRR+clinical response), group B (no LVRR+clinical response) and group C (no LVRR+no clinical response). The changes of NYHA classification, echocardiographic and pulmonary hemodynamic parameters were observed in the 3 groups. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve was used to analyze the differences in all-cause mortality, combined end-point events of death or re-hospitalization due to heart failure among different groups. A total of 45 patients with CRT implantation [aged (63.27±9.55) years, 36 males] were included. The average follow-up period was (33.76±11.50) months. Thirty-one patients (68.89%) were in group A, 9 of whom with PH. Eight patients (17.78%) were in group B, 7 of whom with PH. Six patients were in group C, all with PH. Cardiac function including NYHA classification, echocardiographic and pulmonary hemodynamic parameters had been significantly improved in group A after CRT implantation (P<0.05). In group B, NYHA classification and pulmonary hemodynamic parameters were decreased significantly (P<0.05), but echocardiographic parameters did not change obviously (P>0.05). There were no significant changes in NYHA classification, echocardiographic and pulmonary hemodynamic parameters in group C (P>0.05). Compared with group C, group A and group B had lower all-cause mortality (P=0.005) and lower incidence of composite endpoint events (P=0.001). Patients with LVRR and clinical response after CRT have a good prognosis. Patients with clinical response but without LVRR have a better prognosis than those without clinical response and LVRR, which may be related to the decrease of pulmonary hemodynamic parameters such as mPAP and TPG.