The Practices of Divorce by Petitions in Transmigration Area

This research article has the theme of the causal relationship between growth and inequality with the object of research being the provinces on the island of Java and Sumatra island. The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze conditions of inequality in income distribution and economic growth and to analyze whether there is a causal relationship between inequality income with economic growth in provinces on the island of Java and provinces on the island of Sumatra during the 2015-2020 period. The research method used is quantitative descriptive using the Granger causality test analysis tool. Based on the research results, the condition of economic growth in each province on Sumatra Island fluctuated, with the highest average economic growth in South Sumatra Province and the lowest in Riau Province. Inequality in the distribution of provincial income on the island of Sumatra fluctuates, the highest average income distribution inequality is in the provinces of South Sumatra and Bengkulu, and the lowest is in the province of the Bangka Belitung Islands. Meanwhile in Java, economic growth also fluctuated. The highest average economic growth was in DI Yogyakarta Province, and the lowest was in Central Java Province. Inequality in the distribution of provincial income in Java Island fluctuates, with the highest inequality in Yogyakarta province and the lowest in Central Java province. In addition, the results of the Granger causality test show that there is no one-way or two-way causality relationship between economic growth and income inequality on the islands of Sumatra and Java.

This study analyzes the constraining structures that influence women’s divorce (cerai gugat) practices among Javanese women living in rural transmigration areas. Drawing upon Anthony Giddens’ structuration theory and feminist methodology, this paper explores how social norms, cultural values, gender relations, and economic conditions shape women’s agency in deciding to divorce. Qualitative fieldwork was conducted in Sukamaju Village, Kuantan Singingi Regency, using in-depth interviews with 10 divorced women, community figures, and religious leaders. The findings reveal that the divorce process is constrained by five dominant structures: unregistered (siri) marriages, complex and costly legal procedures, cultural expectations of family harmony, children as mediating agents, and negative stereotypes of divorced women ( janda). These findings highlight the tension between women’s agency and structural constraints within Javanese patriarchal culture. The study contributes to gender and rural sociology by revealing how women negotiate cultural, legal, and moral boundaries to exercise autonomy within limiting social structures.

Poverty and inequality are the main problems faced by a country including Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the comparison of poverty and inequality levels on the islands of Sumatra and Java and to analyze the effect of the human development index (HDI), gross regional domestic product (GRDP), the level of open unemployment (TPT) and total population on poverty and income distribution inequality in Sumatra and Java. The research method used is quantitative descriptive with multiple regression analysis using panel data with provincial research objects on the islands of Sumatra and Java. Based on the results of the study, if you look at the comparison of the poverty rate on the island of Sumatra and Java, based on the data, it can be seen that the average poverty rate on the island of Sumatra is 10.6%, which is higher than the average poverty rate on the island of Java, which is 8.8%. while the level of inequality in income distribution on average in Sumatra is 0.327, lower than the average income distribution inequality in Java, which is 0.393. The regression results show that on the island of Sumatra the HDI variable has a significant negative effect on poverty and inequality, GRDP has a significant negative effect on poverty and poverty has a positive effect on inequality. TPT has a significant positive effect on poverty and not significant on inequality. Total population is not significant to poverty and inequality. While the regression results on the island of Java show that the HDI variable has a significant negative effect on poverty and not significant on inequality. GRDP has no significant effect on poverty and inequality. TPT has a significant positive effect on poverty and not significant on inequality. And population has no significant effect on poverty and inequality.

This study investigates the incorporation of the Pancasila learner profile in the Mardika Basa lan Sastra Jawa textbook for grade VII SMP/MTs and its alignment with Javanese cultural character values. The Pancasila learner profile aims to cultivate students' values and character based on Indonesia's foundational philosophy. Understanding how textbooks reflect these values, particularly within the context of Javanese culture, is important for character education. A descriptive qualitative approach was used to analyze the textbook. Data were collected through data cards, questionnaires, and interviews with teachers. The analysis followed the Miles and Huberman technique, and data validity was ensured through triangulation. The findings indicate that the Mardika Basa lan Sastra Jawa textbook for grade VII, following the Merdeka Curriculum, integrates the Pancasila learner profile in each chapter. This is reflected in the value content, lesson preparation, and learning activities. The Javanese cultural character values corresponding to the Pancasila student profile include andhap asor (humility), babar binuka (openness), tepa salira (tolerance), laku hambeging kartika (noble conduct), wicaksana (wisdom), and niteni, nirokke, nambahi (observe, imitate, add). The study highlights that Javanese cultural values align well with the Pancasila learner profile, contributing positively to character development. These values not only strengthen the national identity but also foster ethical and responsible behavior among students. This research provides valuable insight into how Javanese cultural values can reinforce the Pancasila learner profile in education, supporting national character-building efforts.

The phenomenon of radicalism and violence with religious nuances encourages the emergence of a discourse of religious moderation. Religious moderation is expected to direct a moderate, tolerant, and friendly related to the balance between religious commitment and the attitude toward religious relations. Indonesian people, especially the Javanese people, along with their rich culture and traditions, can encourage the discourse of religious moderation based on local culture in the form of social practices, institutions, and various traditions. This article reveals the practice of religious moderation in Javanese culture, which is grounded in the behaviour and way of life of the people of Trirenggo Village, Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta. The research was conducted using qualitative methods through data collection techniques in the form of observation, interviews, and focus group discussions (FGD). The study results show that the Javanese cultural values ​​adopted by the Trirenggo community teach an attitude of living in harmony with the environment, including relationships among residents and religious adherents. Various social activities show Javanese cultural values ​​that are in harmony with religious moderation carried out interfaith and the Javanese's social view of life, manners, and work concepts. The traditional expression as a reflection of the philosophy of life is internalized into self-awareness and morality, and externalization is in the form of views and moderation behaviour in carrying out social relations in society. The Trirenggo people construct themselves as Javanese people who get along harmoniously through moderate attitudes and behaviour. Thus, Javanese culture can be important for strengthening religious moderation in society.

The phenomenon of radicalism and violence with religious nuances encourages the emergence of a discourse of religious moderation. Religious moderation is expected to direct a moderate, tolerant, and friendly related to the balance between religious commitment and the attitude toward religious relations. Indonesian people, especially the Javanese people, along with their rich culture and traditions, can encourage the discourse of religious moderation based on local culture in the form of social practices, institutions, and various traditions. This article reveals the practice of religious moderation in Javanese culture, which is grounded in the behaviour and way of life of the people of Trirenggo Village, Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta. The research was conducted using qualitative methods through data collection techniques in the form of observation, interviews, and focus group discussions (FGD). The study results show that the Javanese cultural values ​​adopted by the Trirenggo community teach an attitude of living in harmony with the environment, including relationships among residents and religious adherents. Various social activities show Javanese cultural values ​​that are in harmony with religious moderation carried out interfaith and the Javanese's social view of life, manners, and work concepts. The traditional expression as a reflection of the philosophy of life is internalized into self-awareness and morality, and externalization is in the form of views and moderation behaviour in carrying out social relations in society. The Trirenggo people construct themselves as Javanese people who get along harmoniously through moderate attitudes and behaviour. Thus, Javanese culture can be important for strengthening religious moderation in society.

This study explores the idea of ​​integration between Islamic educational values ​​and Javanese culture according to Emha Ainun Nadjib through an analysis of his works. This study includes a library research study using a qualitative descriptive method with a character approach. Data sources were obtained from: interviews with figures (Cak Nun) and his biological child (Sabrang MDP), as well as an inventory of his thoughts in the form of books, the CakNun.com YouTube channel which is directly managed by Rumah Maiyah and Kiai Kanjeng. The results of the study show that Javanese cultural values ​​and educational values ​​according to Cak Nun Islam's view are almost incompatible with each other. The verse of the Qur'an which reads "famayyakmal mitsqola dzarrotin khoiroyyaroh wa mayyakmal mitsqola dzarrotin syarroiyaroh", in Javanese society before the arrival of Islam there was a philosophy of "ngunduh woing pakarti". Javanese people already have knowledge based on the results of their ijtihad, so that Javanese people understand what is good and bad in their lives. Keywords : Integration, Value of Islamic education, Javanese Culture, Emha Ainun Nadjib

The human development index is a way to assess the extent of the welfare of society in an area. Human development in Lampung Province is ranked lowest among other provinces on the island of Sumatra with a percentage of 70.45% in 2022. Departing from the geographical context of Lampung Province which is a vital route for economic activity between the islands of Java and Sumatra, this province has the potential to become a center distribution of goods and services at the national level. It should be able to increase employment and income in Lampung Province. So, it can reduce poverty and reduce unemployment. However, in reality, Lampung Province is still far behind other provinces on the island of Sumatra. The formulation of the problem in this research is how poverty and unemployment influence the human development index in Lampung Province. This research uses a quantitative type of research with a descriptive approach using panel data with a fixed effect model approach. The population in this research is data from the Human Development Index contained in the Central Statistics Agency of Lampung Province. According to the research results, X1 has a significant negative effect, X2 has no significant effect. The results of statistical tests state that the value of Prob. (F-statistic) is 0.000000. This means 0.000000<0.05, so it can be concluded that the independent variable (X) has a significant effect on the dependent variable (Y) simultaneously (simultaneously). Based on the results of the statistical tests carried out, an R-squared value of 0.984344 was obtained. It can be concluded that the independent variable has an influence on the dependent variable of 98%, while 2% is influenced by other variables outside the model.

Pneumonia is a respiratory tract disease caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi. In Indonesia, pneumonia is one of the diseases with the second highest number of cases after malaria from 2007 to 2015. Mapping of regions with pneumonia prevalence needs to be done so that the government can pay more attention to areas with high pneumonia rates, and the public can be more aware of areas that are prone to pneumonia. Spatial methods that can be used to predict the distribution of pneumonia patients are ordinary kriging and inverse distance weighted. The research results showed that the best method chosen for predicting the proportion of pneumonia patients in Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan, and Sulawesi islands is the ordinary kriging method with its theoretical semivariogram model being exponential, and the obtained RMSE value is 0.0178. The average proportion of pneumonia patients in Sumatra Island is 0.01655, with the highest proportion value of 0.02504 in Simalungun District, North Sumatra. Then, the average proportion of pneumonia patients in Java Island is 0.01672, with the highest proportion value of 0.02443 in Garut District, West Java. The proportion of pneumonia patients in Kalimantan Island is 0.01657, with the highest proportion value of 0.01835 in Balikpapan District, East Kalimantan. The average proportion of pneumonia patients in Sulawesi Island is 0.0166, with the highest proportion value of 0.02397 in South Minahasa District, North Sulawesi.

This article deals with Islamic guidence and the Javanese culture acculturated within the tradition of selametan which is named slup-slupan in Rembang, Central Java. There are several meaningful symbols on this tradition according to the Javanese people, that these meanings have been originally changed by the Islamic guidence. The study shows that Javanese culture has been well acculturated to the Islamic guidence in the tradition of slup-slupan in Rembang.

Documents Women and Work in the Third World: Indonesian Women's Oral Histories Walter L. Williams In Indonesia, as with many young Third World nations, local and foreign economists and government planners focus on creating jobs for men as the best means to promote development. Yet what the resulting policies often ignore is that women have always been integrally involved in the nondomestic economy. Though Indonesia is largely an Islamic country, with an ideology that sees men as providers for the family, the vast majority of Indonesian women have worked outside the home. This pattern of women's work has been a reality in both rural and urban contexts, during past eras as well as today. Until fairly recently, women's voices have often been ignored in scholarship on nonwestern cultures.1 This situation has partially been the result of a lack of attention to nontraditional sources, such as oral interviews with women themselves, a valuable means of understanding female perspectives.2 Because of many women's lack of access to formal education , particularly for those of the nonelite classes, they have seldom produced written documents. Third World feminists have often criticized Euroamerican feminism for its ethnocentrism, and, thus, it is important to learn about the lives and concerns of nonwestern women. In Indonesian Studies, in particular, the voices of women have ,been silent, with few opportunities to hear thefr perceptions of thefr own lives. Oral histories are particularly useful in overcoming this deficiency since the open-ended nature of life-history interviewing allows the interviewee to structure the text according to the topics that are most important in her mind. These life histories are part of a larger study of gender role variance in the island of Java, undertaken by the author in 1987-88. Life histories of both women and men were gathered, with a focus on lifestyle changes in the older generation. Interviews were conducted in an open-ended manner so as to allow the interviewee to emphasize the things about her life that she considered most important. The fact that the researcher is male might have influenced the female interviewees to talk about less intimate topics than they would have done with a female researcher. It is equally conceivable , however, that these women chose to emphasize their work role because they considered it to be such an important aspect of their lives. These interviewees range in age from their 50s to their 70s and live near the classical Sultans' court cities of Yogyakarta and Surakarta (Solo) © 1990 Journal of Women-s History, Vol. ζ No. ι (Spring) 184 Journal of Women's History Spring in central Java. Yet unlike the members of Java's governmental and court elites, who highly prize a leisurely lifestyle, the lives of these Javanese women are far different from those of the status-conscious nonlaboring upper class. The individuals quoted here are "ordinary women" whose lives have been dominated by the need to earn a living through their own labor. Especially because Javanese women were seldom admitted to Dutch schools, peasant women from the villages had little opportunity to engage in other lifestyles than the agricultural market economy in which they matured. Born during the Dutch colonial era, these women remember their early lives as times of economic hardship. These memories, common to both women and men who grew up during that era, suggest the oppressiveness of the colonial system that the Dutch had established in the Netherlands East Indies three centuries before. Yet this generation lived to see the ancient regime overthrown. The past half-century has been a time of unprecedented change for Javanese people. In 1942, the Dutch abandoned the Indies as the advancing army of Japan proclaimed a new empire of the sun. For Java, however, hope turned to despair as the Asian imperialists turned out to be even more oppressive than the Europeans had been. When Japan was forced to surrender in 1945, Java still gained no relief. The Dutch returned, simply expecting to reestablish their colonial system as before. In the late 1940s, these women witnessed the bloody fighting for the independence of the new nation of Indonesia. They survived the political and economic chaos of the...

Islam and Javanese culture have a close relationship, which has now begun to disappear both due to the progress of the times and the sophistication of technology. The purpose of this research is to find out the values of Islamic education contained in the novel Wigati by Khilma Anis, to find out the values of Javanese Culture in the novel Wigati by Khilma Anis, and to find out the integration of the value of Islamic education with the value of Javanese Culture in the novel Wigati by Khilma Anis. The researcher used a descriptive qualitative research by presenting data descriptively through documentation techniques. The subject of this study is the novel Wigati. The results of this study show that, the Islamic educational values contained in the wigati novel are tauhid, worship, moral and social values, the Javanese cultural values contained in the Wigati novel are the values of tradition and belief, while the integration of Islamic educational values with Javanese cultural values in wigati novels includes integration between the value of tawhid and the value of tradition (wayang), the value of tauhid with the value of belif in talismans, the value of tauhid which concerns destiny/qadha’ and qadar Allah with Javanese cultural values in the form of belief values in rituals before making keris/ heirloom objects by choosing good days, and social values with Javanese cultural values in the form of ritual offerings/ selametan.

This study aims to analyze inequality and spatial autocorrelation of provincial economic growth on the islands of Sumatra and Java. The study period starts from 2010 to 2015, which involves ten provinces on the island of Sumatra and six regions on the island of Java. This study uses the Williamson Index and Moran Index methods. The results of this study indicate that there are differences in income inequality. Java Island has a higher bias than Sumatra Island. The top income variation in Java is caused by high development in one of the provinces in Java while in Sumatra due to geographical and natural resource factors. Besides, the Moran Index shows that there is no spatial linkage of per capita GRDP between provinces in Sumatra and Java.

The interrelation between religion and culture is very closely related to the traditions of human life so that religion often gives birth to culture or civilization for the enjoyment of human life on the surface of the earth. In the view of some sociologists, it is said that Islam is called the religion of civilization. In the case of the interrelation between religion and culture for the Javanese as the majority ethnic group in the archipelago, it is an interesting thing to study. Islam entered Java in a peaceful way, starting with the common people until gradually entering the palace level. The Javanese responded well to the entry of Islam to Java. Because Islam easily socializes with Javanese people. Javanese people are fascinated by Islamic teachings that introduce the unity of Allah. Islam is mixed with Javanese culture because Islam is intended to facilitate the spread of its religion. However, until now, Javanese culture is still attached to Islamic teachings, which are still mostly adhered to by Javanese people. Thus the author tries to discuss how the true beliefs that develop from the interrelation of religion (Islam) and Javanese culture, the response of Javanese culture to Islam and the response of Islam to Javanese cultur

Forest fires that occur in Riau Province due to the rampant clearing of forests used as plantation land, such as oil palm plantations have a negative influence on the air quality of the surrounding area, one of them is Lima Puluh Kota. The purpose of this study was to determine the Air Quality Index (AQI ) hierarchically from Sumatra Island, West Sumatra Province, and larger scale in Lima Puluh Kota Regency and analyze changes in the value of AQI in Lima Puluh Kota in the last few years (2014-2017). This research includes quantitative descriptive research with literary study approach and literature then coordinating national AQI values on Sumatra Island and making more detailed observations in West Sumatra Province, and District of Lima Puluh Kota. The spatial analysis uses the interpolation process (IDW Method). The value in the analysis refers to the prevailing AQI value. The results of the study were fluctuating changes in Sumatra Island AQI values, in 2014 had an average score of AQI 86,796, down in 2017 with an average value of 84,295, after cases and environmental phenomena on the island of Sumatra in the period of 2014-2015, the average AQI value in 2016 dropped to 81.24, in 2017 there have been environmental improvements, this is illustrated by the increase in AQI to 90.471 on the average provincial AQI on Sumatra Island. Positive correlation occurs between the increase and decrease in the value of AQI on the scale of Sumatra Island with concentrations of PM10, SO2, CO and NO2 in the District of Lima Puluh Kota.