Abstract

Microalgae are mainly known for their high nutritional value, protein and lipid content. They are used to enrich animal feeds and are recommended as food supplements in the human diet. Nowadays, it is possible to design the cultivation conditions of microalgae in order to produce them with the specific characteristics desired. Since this is so important, the aim of this work is to present the progress made by different research groups on the best cultivation conditions to optimize the intensive production of microalgae. It also presents the most recent lines of research on the use of microalgae for the care of the environment, their potential application in the remediation of air pollution, as well as their use in the removal of various toxic substances in water. The methodology used was to make an exhaustive bibliographic review of books, journals, theses and articles on the subject, showing in a simple, clear and summarized way that microalgae are an option of 100% natural use of multiple benefits in the protection and restoration of ecosystems, in addition to being a sustainable alternative to other technological options for the remediation of water and air pollution.

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