Abstract
There is a growing recognition among planners and policy makers that proper transformation of urban mobility systems is crucial to the reduction of air pollution emission. The main objective of the work was to review the current urban mobility strategies in the city of Gdańsk, Poland in terms of their potential for the improvement of urban air quality. Firstly, general policy guidelines for mobility systems were formulated based on a review of recent relevant studies and existing solutions from various European and Asian cities. Then the main spatial characteristics of the transport system and mobility patterns in Gdańsk were determined and visualised by means of GIS-based tools, supported by the analysis of local urban and environmental planning documents. The current air quality status in Gdańsk was also described. Subsequently, the policies proposed in two documents for the urban mobility management in Gdańsk were identified and cross-compared with the previously reviewed solutions from other cities in terms of air quality improvement. The results showed that the strategies for air pollution mitigation are not integrated with the process of urban planning in Gdańsk to a sufficient degree. Finally, some recommendations were also suggested to improve the current strategies.
Highlights
Despite the growing efforts to reduce emissions of air pollution, it is estimated that over a half of European residents still live in places where air quality does not meet the World Health Organisation standards, which reduces life expectancy by over two years on average [1,2]
The process of air pollution dispersion can be significantly affected by urban morphology and particular design strategies, which suggests the need to integrate actions aimed at air quality improvement with urban planning [3,4]
Urban mobility in Gdańsk: Current strategies and solutions for air quality improvement Two main strategic documents establish the directions for the mobility system development in Gdańsk: A) the strategy for transport and mobility for the metropolitan area: Gdańsk, Sopot and Gdynia [44], and B) sustainable urban mobility plan for the city of Gdańsk 2030 [50]
Summary
Despite the growing efforts to reduce emissions of air pollution, it is estimated that over a half of European residents still live in places where air quality does not meet the World Health Organisation standards, which reduces life expectancy by over two years on average [1,2]. Urban mobility and transport system have a significant impact on the management of air quality and human exposure to pollution [7,8]. The aim of this work was to critically review the current urban mobility strategies in Gdańsk, Poland with respect to air quality improvement. To achieve this goal, the following intermediate objectives were set: 1) to provide an overview of the best practices for reducing pollution emissions by urban mobility solutions, 2) to present the main spatial characteristics of the transport system in Gdańsk and, 3) to analyse and critically evaluate two strategic documents for the re-development of urban mobility system in Gdańsk in terms of air quality improvement.
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