Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the antibacterial potential of aqueous and acetone extracts of galls of <i>Quercus infectoria</i> by determination of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) values. <br>MATERIALS AND METHODS: The extracts from the galls of <i>Q. infectoria</i> at 10 mg/ml were screened against three Gram-positive bacteria (<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> ATCC 25923, <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i> and<i> Bacillus subtilis</i>) and three Gram-negative bacteria (<i>Escherichia coli </i>NCTC 12079 serotype O157:H7, <i>Salmonella typhimurium</i> NCTC 74 and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> ATCC 27853). The MIC of the extracts were then determined using the twofold serial microdilution technique at a concentration ranging from 5 mg/ml to 0.0024 mg/ml. The MBC values were finally obtained from the MIC microtiter wells which showed no turbidity after 24 hrs of incubation by subculturing method. <br>RESULTS: Out of the six bacterial species tested, <i>S. aureus</i> was the most susceptible. On the other hand, the extracts showed weak inhibitory effect against <i>S. epidermidis, B. subtilis</i>, <i>S. typhimurium</i> and <i>P. aeruginosa</i> while there was no inhibition zone observed for <i>E. coli </i>O157. The MIC values of the extracts ranged from 0.0781 mg/ml to 1.25 mg/ml whereas the MBC values ranged from 0.3125 mg/ml to 2.50 mg/ml. The MBC values of aqueous extract against <i>S. aureus</i> and <i>S. typhimurium</i> were higher than their MIC values. The MBC value of acetone extract against <i>S. aureus</i> was also higher than its MIC value. Interestingly, however, the MIC and MBC values of acetone extract against <i>S. typhimurium</i> were the same (1.25 mg/ml). <br>CONCLUSION: The aqueous and acetone extracts displayed similarities in their antimicrobial activity on the bacterial species and as such, the galls of <i>Quercus infectoria</i> are potentially good source of antimicrobial agents.
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