Abstract
Biodegradation is one of the primary mechanisms for the elimination of petroleum and other hydrocarbon pollutants from the environment. This study presents the results obtained with two newly isolated microorganisms and their potential applications in bioremediation, agriculture, and industrial fields. Twenty-five strains of microorganisms were isolated from plant materials and were subject to a selection process on the basis of antimicrobial activity. Two bacterial strains, respectively Bacillus mycoides (Bm) and Pseudomonas putida (B1), were selected for further experiments, based on the largest inhibition zones against the phytopathogens Erwinia carotovora and Xanthomonas campestris. The production of biosurfactants and enzymes was evaluated in specific media. In order to assess the production of biosurfactants, submerged bioprocesses were carried out on Yeast Malt Peptone Glucose (YMPG), M44, Luria-Bertani (LB), and King B media (KB); the supernatants were used to form emulsions with heptane, octane, and sunflower oil, and the emulsifying indices were determined.
Highlights
The resistance of phytopathogens to a wide range of chemical synthesis compounds is currently a widespread phenomenon, and finding solutions to replace these substances with new, natural compounds is an ongoing concern in the field of research [1]
Isolated microorganisms were grown submerged in the above mentioned media, in orderNewly to be isolated tested for antimicrobial activity and for enzyme and biosurfactant production
The grown submerged in the mentioned media, inIn order isolatedmicroorganisms microorganismswere were grown submerged in above the above mentioned media, in figures below, the growth results for to be tested for antimicrobial activityactivity and forand enzyme and biosurfactant production
Summary
The resistance of phytopathogens to a wide range of chemical synthesis compounds is currently a widespread phenomenon, and finding solutions to replace these substances with new, natural compounds is an ongoing concern in the field of research [1]. Bacillus and Pseudomonas genera have been studied for their use in phytopathogens’ biocontrol [2] These types of bacteria are known for their versatility and their ability to populate various niches and to grow on numerous substrates [3]. The Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Rhodococcus, and Candida genera are the most widely studied microorganisms as producers of different types of biosurfactants [7]. Other studies indicate that biosurfactants have an antagonistic effect against other microorganisms [13,14], are involved in adherence to different surfaces [15], accelerate a composting process, providing favorable conditions for beneficial microbes [16], and are involved in bioremediation of contaminated environments.
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