The Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5): Development and Initial Psychometric Evaluation.

Why physically active people report lower anxiety than those who are inactive is not well understood. This study examined whether physical self-concept and self-esteem would mediate associations of self-reported physical activity with anxiety disorder symptoms in young women, a population with elevated risk for developing an anxiety disorder. College women (N = 1036, mean ± SD = 19.7 ± 2.9 yr) completed a physical activity recall, the Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire, and the Physical Self-Description Questionnaire. Structural equation modeling was used to test hypotheses. Physical activity had inverse, indirect associations with symptoms of social phobia, generalized anxiety disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder that were expressed through its positive association with specific and global physical self-concept and self-esteem. The results were independent of similar relations with symptoms of major depressive disorder as well as the estimates of body fatness and use of psychotropic medications. These correlational findings provide initial evidence to warrant experimental efficacy trials of whether physical activity will reduce the risk of anxiety disorders in young women by positive influences on physical self-concept and self-esteem.

Assessing the Construct Validity of Healthful Eating Belief Scales Among Southeastern United States Office Workers

ObjectivesThe Australian Ageing Semantic Differential (AASD) survey was developed to quantify medical student attitudes towards older people. The purpose of this study is to examine psychometric properties of the survey...

The Double-Edged Sword Effects of Career Calling on Occupational Embeddedness: Mediating Roles of Work–Family Conflict and Career Adaptability

IntroductionProponents of the capability approach argue that the effect of health technologies should be measured in terms of capabilities, that is, the freedom to live as desired. The ICECAP-A, initially developed in the UK, has been used internationally to measure capability wellbeing. This study examined whether participants from Australia, Canada, Germany, the UK, and the USA similarly interpret and respond to the ICECAP-A.MethodsA multigroup confirmatory factor analysis was conducted. Four types of measurement invariance were tested: configural invariance, metric invariance, scalar invariance, and residual invariance. Measurement invariance was assessed by studying the comparative fit index (CFI) and the root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) and standardized root mean squared residual (SRMR) fit indices. For this study, data from the multi-instrument comparison database were used to compare response patterns of participants from Australia (n=1,430), Canada (n=1,330), Germany (n=1,269), the UK (n=1,356), and the USA (n=1,460).ResultsThe configural invariant model showed adequate fit (CFI 0.992, RMSEA 0.076, SRMR 0.016), and metric invariance was established (change in variables: CFI -0.002, RMSEA -0.014, SRMR 0.015). Scalar invariance (and consequently residual invariance) was not established (change in variables: CFI -0.036, RMSEA 0.046, SRMR 0.018). Post-hoc analysis indicated that full measurement invariance could be established by excluding the German sample, with improved fit index values for configural invariance (CFI 0.994, RMSEA 0.069, SRMR 0.015), metric invariance (change in variables: CFI-0.000, RMSEA -0.020, SRMR 0.006), scalar invariance (change in variables: CFI -0.007, RMSEA 0.011, SRMR 0.006), and residual invariance (change in variables: CFI -0.002, RMSEA 0.009, RMR 0.006).ConclusionsResponse patterns to the German and English versions of the ICECAP-A differed. Caution should be exercised when using these two versions in the same study. Further research is required to determine whether these differences are due to linguistic variations from translation, or whether they indicate fundamental differences in participant understanding and responses to the different versions of the ICECAP-A.

The Patient Health Questionnaire-8 (PHQ-8) is a measure of depression symptom severity that is the 8-item version of the more widely used Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). However, the PHQ-8 lacks the question about suicide ideation and is often used when questions about suicide ideation cannot be administered. A recent review of the literature on the PHQ-9 indicates mixed findings on factor structure, with evidence for both a unidimensional model and a 2-factor model of somatic and non-somatic symptoms. To date, few studies have explored the factor structure of the PHQ-8, and none to our knowledge have examined this in military samples. This secondary analysis examined this in a sample of military sexual assault survivors given their heightened risk for depression. Service members and veterans who experienced assault (N = 346; 49.1% female) completed the PHQ-8 in a previously published study. The parent study was approved by the Utah State University Institutional Review Board (IRB) and secondary analyses were exempted from IRB review by the Arizona State University IRB. Five structural models were tested using confirmatory factor analysis, including 1 unidimensional factor model and 4 2-dimensional factor models. The following goodness of fit statistics were compared between models: Chi-squared testing, Comparative Fit Index (CFI), Tucker Lewis Index (TLI), root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA), Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) and standardized root mean square residual (SRMR). Strong model fit was determined by a CFI and TLI ≥ .95, RMSEA ≤ .06, and SRMR ≤ .08. The 2-dimensional model with anhedonia, depressed mood, feelings of worthlessness, concentration difficulties, and psychomotor agitation/retardation specified on the non-somatic factor, and sleep difficulties, fatigue, and appetite changes specified on the somatic factor had the most optimal fit (X2 [df] = 46.19 [19], CFI = 0.98, TLI = 0.97, RMSEA = 0.06, SRMR = 0.03, BIC = 6,130.98). Other models had adequate fit, though the fit for the unidimensional model was statistically inferior. The use of 2-factor models of depression might be superior compared to the unidimensional model in samples of military sexual assault survivors which may provide clinical utility in treating specific depression symptom clusters. Studies that wish to examine potential differences in outcomes as a function of somatic and non-somatic depressive symptoms may consider this model. Future studies should examine model fit in samples that may not have been exposed to military sexual assault.

BackgroundThe Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) is an instrument commonly used to evaluate burnout syndrome. The goal of the present study was to assess the internal reliability and the performance of the items and the subscales of the MBI-HSS (the version for professionals working in human services) by validating its factorial structure in Spanish urgency healthcare personnel.MethodsCross-sectional study including 259 healthcare emergency professionals (physicians and nurses) in the Spanish health region of Lleida and the Pyrenees. Burnout was measured using the Spanish validated version of the MBI-HSS. Internal reliability was estimated using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. The sampling adequacy was assessed using the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure along with the Bartlett’s test of sphericity. A principal axis exploratory factor analysis with an oblique transformation of the solution and a confirmatory factor analysis with maximum likelihood estimation were performed. Goodness-of-fit was assessed by means of the chi-square ratio by the degrees of freedom, the standardized root mean square residual (SRMR), the root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA), the Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI) and the comparative fit index (CFI).ResultsThe three subscales showed good internal reliability with Cronbach’s alpha coefficients exceeding the critical value of 0.7. Exploratory factor analysis revealed five factors with eigenvalues greater than 1. Nevertheless, confirmatory factor analysis showed a relatively satisfactory fit of the three-factor structure (χ2/df = 2.6, SRMR = 0.07, RMSEA = 0.08, TLI = 0.87, CFI = 0.89), which was improved when several items were removed (χ2/df = 1.7, SRMR = 0.04, RMSEA = 0.05, TLI = 0.97, CFI = 0.98).ConclusionsAlthough it is necessary exploring new samples to get to more consistent conclusions, the MBI-HSS is a reliable and factorially valid instrument to evaluate burnout syndrome in health professionals from the Spanish emergency services.

BackgroundFew validated brief scales are available to measure constructs that may hinder mpox-related prevention and care engagement, such as knowledge and stigma. Both are highly salient barriers to infectious disease care and disease understanding, precursors to evaluating one’s risk and need to, for example, accept vaccination. To address this gap, we developed and validated the Mpox Stigma Scale (MSS) and Mpox Knowledge Scale (MKS).MethodsAs part of a full-scale clinical trial, we offered an optional mpox survey to participants who self-identified as African American or Black, were 18–29 years old, and lived in Alabama, Georgia, or North Carolina (2023, N = 330). We calculated psychometric properties through confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) and applied Comparative Fit Index (CFI), Goodness of Fit Index (GFI), and Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI) values equal to or exceeding 0.90 and Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) and Standardized Root Mean Square Residual (SRMR) values less than 0.08 to determine adequate model fit. We computed internal reliability using Cronbach’s alpha and calculated Pearson or Spearman correlation coefficients between the MSS and MKS and related variables.ResultsFor the MSS, CFA results showed that the one-factor model fit the data well (χ2(df = 5, N = 330) = 34.962, CFI = 0.97, GFI = 0.99, TLI = 0.94, RMSEA = 0.13, SRMR = 0.03). For the MKS, the one-factor model provided a good fit to the data (χ2(df = 6, N = 330) = 8.44, CFI = 0.99, GFI = 0.99, TLI = 0.95, RMSEA = 0.15, SRMR = 0.02). Cronbach’s alphas were MSS = 0.91 and MKS = 0.83, suggesting good to excellent reliability. The MSS was correlated with the MKS (r = .55, p < .001), stigmatizing attitudes (r = .24, p < .001), attitudes towards mpox vaccination (r=-.12, p = .030), and worry about contracting mpox (r = .44, p < .001). The MKS was correlated with worry about contracting mpox (r = .30, p < .001) and mpox disclosure (r=-.16, p = .003).ConclusionsThe MSS and MKS are reliable and valid tools for public health practice, treatment and prevention research, and behavioral science. Further validation is warranted across populations and geographic locations.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT05490329.

to establish the psychometric properties of the Authentic Leadership Questionnaire (ALQ) applied to Brazilian nurses. cross-sectional observational study with a non-probabilistic sample. The psychometric properties of the RATER and SELF versions of the ALQ were calculated using confirmatory factor analysis with the WLSMV robust estimation method. The following indices were used to assess the goodness-of-fit of the model: chi-square by degrees of freedom (χ2/df), Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI), Comparative Fit Index (CFI), Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) and Standardized Root Mean Squared Residual (SRMR). Data reliability was analyzed using the ordinal coefficient alpha and composite reliability. 181 nurses participated of the study (female gender: 80.1%; mean age of 34.6 years; working time of less than five years: 76.3%). The complete ALQ RATER and ALQ SELF models did not present an adequate fit. Therefore, the refined models presented a better fit to the sample data (ALQ RATER: χ2/df=2.77; CFI=0.97; TLI=0.97; RMSEA=0.10; SRMR=0.05; ALQ SELF: χ2/df=2.74; CFI=0.94; TLI=0.92; RMSEA=0.10; SRMR=0.08). In the ALQ RATER model, items 1, 7 and 13 were excluded. Due to the high correlation between the factors Relational Transparency and Moral Perspective, a three-factor model based on the combination of the factors mentioned above was proposed. In the ALQ SELF model, items 2, 5, 9 and 10 were excluded. Likewise, a three-factor model based on the combination of two factors, now called Self-Awareness Balance, was proposed. the data obtained with the Authentic Leadership Questionnaire with Brazilian nurses were valid and reliable.

BackgroundThe NIH Toolbox was designed to provide brief, reliable, and valid measures of neurological and behavioral functions. Emotion assessment using the NIH Toolbox Emotion Battery has recently received significant attention given emerging evidence that emotional health is predictive of physical health and overall well‐being. The purpose of this study is to examine whether the modified emotion toolbox model is associated with cognition in sample of cognitively healthy adults.MethodParticipants were 529 enrollees in the Wisconsin ADRC who had normal cognition. The majority of participants were female (65.8%) and White (78.3%). Average age was 63.69 (SD = 8.37). NIH Toolbox Emotion Battery factors and a measure of executive function, Trail Making Test (TMT) Parts A &amp; B were examined using SEM. To evaluate the overall goodness‐of‐fit, we used the following criteria: χ2 nonsignificant, χ2/df between1‐3, comparative fit index (CFI)&gt;0.95, Tucker–Lewis index (TLI)&gt;0.95, standardized root mean square residual (SRMR)&lt;0.05, and the root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA)&lt;0.08.ResultThe initial SEM results indicated a non‐acceptable fit for the data: χ2(51,N = 529) = 275.99, p&lt;.01 (should be not significant), χ2/df = 5.41 (&lt;3), CFI = 0.92(&gt;.95), TLI = 0.90 (&gt;.95), SRMR = 0.05, and RMSEA = 0.09 (&lt;.08), 90% confidence interval (CI) = [0.08, 0.10] based on previously reported goodness‐of‐fit criteria. Based on modification indices, conceptually and statistically meaningful correlated error terms were added to the model (e,g., proximity between emotional support and friendship; emotional support and instrumental support; stress and sadness). After correlating some error terms based on theoretical background and modification indices, the modified SEM results indicated an acceptable fit for the data: χ2/df = 2.52 (&lt;3), CFI = 0.98, TLI = 0.97, SRMR = 0.03 and RMSEA = 0.05, 90% confidence interval (CI) = [0.04,0.06].ConclusionOur modified model using the NIH Toolbox Emotion Battery had an acceptable fit for the data in a cognitively healthy cohort. Although we did not include all emotion toolbox variables, our modified model still had a great fit to the data. We specifically found that positive emotions including social satisfaction measures were correlated with cognition. We did not find any correlation between negative affect and cognition, which could be due to limited sample size. Measuring and identifying positive and negative emotions are important in clinical and research practice.

ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE:To assess the Functional Index Questionnaire (FIQ) structure using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) in Brazilian patients with anterior knee pain.METHODS:Brazilian patients of both sexes (n = 100), aged ≥ 18 years, with anterior knee pain for at least 3 months were included. Eligible participants completed an online form that collected personal and clinical data as well as responses to the assessment tools. We used CFA and the following fit indices: chi-square/degrees of freedom (DF), comparative fit index (CFI), Tucker–Lewis index (TLI), root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA), and standardized root mean square residuals (SRMR).RESULTS:The majority of the respondents were women, young adults, overweight, with incomplete higher education, were physically active, and had pain in sitting or squatting positions. The mean duration of pain was 38.24 months, and the mean pain intensity was 4.54 points. The model fit indices were as follows: χ2/DF = 2.08, TLI = 0.978, CFI = 0.969, RMSEA = 0.104, and SRMR = 0.077. Therefore, the one-dimensional structure with eight items yielded an RMSEA value above the 0.08 cutoff point, suggesting a poorer fit and more residual error than is acceptable for a well-fitting model. Using the modification indices within the CFA, we observed a correlation between Items 2 (climbing up two flights of stairs [16 steps]) and 6 (climbing up four flights of stairs [32 steps]) and Items 3 (squatting) and 4 (kneeling), indicating the similarity in the response pattern for these items. After adding these correlations to the model, we obtained improved fit indices (χ2/DF = 1.51, TLI = 0.990, CFI = 0.985, RMSEA = 0.072, and SRMR = 0.061).CONCLUSION:This version of the FIQ should be used with caution, as the unidimensional model demonstrates substantial residuals, mainly because of item redundancy.

Objective: to establish the psychometric properties of the Authentic Leadership Questionnaire (ALQ) applied to Brazilian nurses. Method: cross-sectional observational study with a non-probabilistic sample. The psychometric properties of the RATER and SELF versions of the ALQ were calculated using confirmatory factor analysis with the WLSMV robust estimation method. The following indices were used to assess the goodness-of-fit of the model: chi-square by degrees of freedom (χ2/df), Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI), Comparative Fit Index (CFI), Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) and Standardized Root Mean Squared Residual (SRMR). Data reliability was analyzed using the ordinal coefficient alpha and composite reliability. Results: 181 nurses participated of the study (female gender: 80.1%; mean age of 34.6 years; working time of less than five years: 76.3%). The complete ALQ RATER and ALQ SELF models did not present an adequate fit. Therefore, the refined models presented a better fit to the sample data (ALQ RATER: χ2/df=2.77; CFI=0.97; TLI=0.97; RMSEA=0.10; SRMR=0.05; ALQ SELF: χ2/df=2.74; CFI=0.94; TLI=0.92; RMSEA=0.10; SRMR=0.08). In the ALQ RATER model, items 1, 7 and 13 were excluded. Due to the high correlation between the factors Relational Transparency and Moral Perspective, a three-factor model based on the combination of the factors mentioned above was proposed. In the ALQ SELF model, items 2, 5, 9 and 10 were excluded. Likewise, a three-factor model based on the combination of two factors, now called Self-Awareness Balance, was proposed. Conclusion: the data obtained with the Authentic Leadership Questionnaire with Brazilian nurses were valid and reliable.

Purpose The Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score for Joint Replacement (HOOS, JR) is used to assess hip health in individuals undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA). This study assesses the validity of the Italian version in a THA population. Materials and methods Psychometric evaluation included: confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) whose model fit was evaluated by Comparative Fit Index (CFI), Tucker Lewis Index (TLI), Standardized Root Mean Square Residual (SRMR), and Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA); reliability through internal consistency (Cronbach’s α) and test-retest reliability; construct validity via hypothesis testing with the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and the EuroQol instrument; interpretability by calculating the Minimum Detectable Change (MDC). Results Eighty patients who had undergone THA were enrolled. CFA indicated a 1-factor 5-item structure of the HOOS, JR yielding satisfactory model fit indices (CFI = 0.977; TLI = 0.966; SRMR = 0.045; RMSEA = 0.082 [90%CI 0.00–0.190]). Internal consistency was good (Cronbach’s α: 0.77), and test-retest reliability was adequate (ICC2.1: 0.75). The MDC was estimated at 4.91 points on the 20-point scale. Conclusions The HOOS, JR showed unidimensionality, test–retest reliability, associations with pain intensity and quality of life outcome measures, and interpretability.

The American Cancer Society (ACS) estimates that 284,200 new cases of breast cancer will be diagnosed in 2021. According to the Texas Cancer Registry (TCR) an estimated 18,277 of those new diagnoses of female breast cancer will be made in the state of Texas. Studies have found that between 5% and 35% of breast cancer patients in the United States will develop diagnosable posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or significantly impairing PTSD symptoms. The goal of the study was to gather data related to the presence of PTSD symptoms in a sample of West Texas female breast cancer patients. The proposed study aimed to:. (1)Determine the prevalence of PTSD in a sample of female, West Texas breast cancer patients(2)Identify elements of a breast cancer diagnosis and breast cancer treatment that may contribute to, or exacerbate these PTSD symptoms. Our sample consistent of 78 female breast cancer patients collected from a university medical center-affiliated cancer center in the West Texas region. The PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL5) was used to determine if a participant met diagnostic criteria for PTSD or fulfilled diagnostic criteria for any of the four symptom clusters – intrusive symptoms, avoidance symptoms, negative symptoms, and hyperarousal symptoms. PCL5 scores were then compared to a range of demographic variables including age, marital status, educational level, menopausal status, tobacco and alcohol use, time since diagnosis, as well as treatment modalities used. Further, PCL5 scores were compared to Her2, ER, and PR status of the tumor as well as clinical stage. Patients meeting criteria for PTSD and those with significant symptoms in distinct symptom clusters The only multi-group categorical variable that showed a significant relationship was lifetime tobacco use (F(2,75) = 4.97, p = 0.009) which showed a relationship such that current smokers were found to have higher PCL5 scores that either participants that were past smokers or those that had never smoked. Further, menopausal status (pre-menopausal versus post-menopausal) did was found to be related to PCL5 scores such that pre-menopausal women were found to have significantly higher PCL5 scores than post-menopausal women (t(71) = 2.558, p = 0.42). Living arrangement (alone or with others) was similarly, significantly related to PCL5 scores such that women living with others were found to have higher PCL5 scores than those living alone (t(74) = -1.904, p = .002). Receiving chemotherapy treatment or not was similarly related to PCL5 scores such that those that underwent chemotherapy treatment were found to have higher PCL5 scores (t(76), = -2.381, p = .008). HER2 positive status was also found to be related to PCL5 scores, such that HER2 positive patients were found to have higher PCL5 scores than HER2 negative patients (t(74) = -2.429, p = .001). While other samples identified larger percentages of diagnosable PTSD, our sample did find a percentage of patients with diagnosable PTSD consistent with the lower end of estimated rates. This. suggests that our sample is similar in some ways to that used in the existing body of literature. Future research could expand the scope of this study by including focusing on the significant variables identified in the current study, as well as by including more factors that may be particularly relevant to the patient population of the West Texas region, such as measures of religiosity, individualism, or self-reliance. nPercentage of total sampleNo significant symptoms4962.82%Significant symptoms in one symptom cluster1316.66%Significant symptoms in two symptom clusters67.69%Significant symptoms in three symptoms clusters33.85%Significant symptoms in all four symptom clusters (met criteria for PTSD diagnosis)78.97%Total78100% Citation Format: Evan Thomas Guidry, Nusrat Jahan, Catherine Jones. An investigation into the presence of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in breast cancer patients [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-09-06.

The Brazilian Portuguese Version of the Measure of Intermittent and Constant Osteoarthritis Pain for Individuals With Hip Osteoarthritis: Translation, Cross-Cultural Adaptation, and Measurement Properties.