Abstract
During their service life, existing structures may suffer a combination of ageing and reinforcement corrosion. The corrosion deterioration can significantly affect the durability of reinforced concrete (RC) elements causing premature concrete crushing, size reduction of reinforcement cross-section, degradation of mechanical properties of steel and concrete, and stirrups rupture. One of the main purposes related to durability reduction is the evaluation of the maintenance of adequate safety and residual capacity throughout the life of the structure. For this reason, a non-linear finite element approach (NLFEA), based on multi-layer shell elements and PARC_CL 2.1 crack model has been presented in this paper. The PARC_CL 2.1 model is a fixed crack model developed at the University of Parma and implemented in a subroutine UMAT for ABAQUS that incorporates cyclic constitutive laws of materials and the evolution of corrosion over time. In the present work, the crack model was improved by implementing the effects of exposure to environmental attack. Firstly, the effectiveness of the proposed model has been validated through comparison with experimental data available in literature. The residual capacity of corroded RC panels subjected to cyclic loads was then investigated over time considering different exposure classes. Based on the obtained results, the capacity reduction in terms of maximum shear stress and ductility have been estimated over time.
Highlights
Nowadays, a significant part of reinforced concrete (RC) structures and infrastructures have almost reached and overcome their conventional service life and are suffering ageing effects and material deterioration [1].In particular, corrosion has been recognized as one of the principal causes that leads RC members to premature unexpected failures, characterized by structural brittle behavior and lacking of warning signs [2]
A large amount of research was conducted to analyze the effects induced by corrosion deterioration on RC structures and infrastructures and to evaluate the residual life of corroded RC members
According to the results shown in Belletti et al [14], the PARC_CL 2.1 crack model was crack model can be found referring to [14,15,30,31,32,33]
Summary
A significant part of reinforced concrete (RC) structures and infrastructures have almost reached and overcome their conventional service life and are suffering ageing effects and material deterioration [1]. Since the aggressive environmental attack—due to chloride contents (localized corrosion) or carbonation (uniform corrosion)—increases over time, the corrosion process plays a crucial rule, increasing the vulnerability of RC structures and drastically decreasing their structural capacity over the years In this framework, a large amount of research was conducted to analyze the effects induced by corrosion deterioration on RC structures and infrastructures and to evaluate the residual life of corroded RC members. The proposed model was used for the prediction of the ultimate resistance and ductility of corroded RC panels subjected to localized corrosion deterioration In this context, referring to chloride-induced corrosion, a parametric analysis considering three different exposure classes related to sea water exposure, XS1, XS2, and XS3 was performed over time. The constantly submerged environment leads to a general lower reduction
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