The Paradigm of Science Integration in Islamic University: The Historicity and Development Pattern of Islamic Studies in Indonesia

The growing number of Muslim elite in Indonesia who advocates violence and religious intolerance practices has left Indonesian policy on religious education in question. Islamic universities play a decisive role in educating Indonesian Muslim elites with many graduates who are Muslim thinkers of national and international standing. This paper aims to present an elaborative discussion on Islamic education practitioner’s viewpoint towards the Indonesian Liberal Studies Initiative task force’s proposal to further Indonesian Higher Education through the Liberal Arts. It will limit its focus on problem and prospects the liberal arts might bring to address the issue of religious illiteracy currently faced by Islamic universities in Indonesia. Through qualitative interview and observation at Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University, it is revealed that integration of knowledge and revitalizing the content of civics education subjects are key strategies to address the issue. An analysis of both the history of Liberal Arts education and interviews shows problem faced by Islamic higher education in responding to the task force’s proposal; politicization of language of liberalism and partial implementation of the integration of knowledge concept in the body of Islamic university in Indonesia. Keywords Religious Illiteracy, State Islamic University, Indonesian Higher Education, Liberal Arts

This study aims to explain the formulation of the vision of State Islamic universities in Indonesia. This is also to find out whether the formulation of the vision of State Islamic Universities in Indonesia has presented comprehensive information. The sample of this research is 15 State Islamic Universities (UIN/ Universitas Islam Negeri) in Indonesia. This study uses a quantitative approach with a descriptive model. Research data in this study comes from the official website of each universities. The results showed that, from 15 State Islamic Universities, 15.33% of the vision paragraphs were between 20-27 words, 33.33% were between 12-19 words, and 53.33% were between 5-11 words. Most universities choose the word excellence in structuring their vision, followed by the word competitive (20%), internationally reputable, leading, Islamic character, and others. There is no State Islamic Universities whose vision contains complete criteria from measurable success indicators, explanation of specialization, and time of achievement.

The purpose of this study is to conduct a critical study of Alfarabi's philosophy in the implementation of education at Islamic universities in Indonesia. The research method used is a literature study using a philosophical approach. The main data sources are secondary data in the form of Alfarabi's work entitled Risalah fi al-'Aql and previous research works that reveal the philosophical thoughts of Islamic education put forward by Alfarabi. The findings reveal that the Alfarabi philosophy is implemented in the practice of education at Islamic universities in Indonesia through the scope, objectives, and benefits of education. First, the scope of education taught is about the concept of reason (intelligence). Second, the purpose of education is to prepare students through the transfer of knowledge and practical skills to obtain the perfection of life as human beings. Third, the benefits of the concept of value through morality development, teaching methods, and learning evaluation. The conclusion of the research is that Afarabi's philosophy in implementing education in higher education is very important for students and lecturers to improve self-competence. The expected implication is that Islamic Universities not only focus on information and communication technology, but also implement the values ​​of an Islamic philosophy of life in accordance with the guidelines of the Qur'an and al-Hadith.

One example of great achievement in Islamic studies in Indonesia is the integration and interconnection of numerous disciplines of knowledge through Islamic institutions. This method has been concretized over the last two decades by transforming Islamic institutes into universities, allowing them to extend numerous scientific areas, notably social humanities and science, by merging them with Islamic studies. When the modern era's environmental problem has impacted practically every country around the globe, including Indonesia, the question is how Islamic colleges may help alleviate the environmental crisis through an integrative-interconnected strategy. This research investigates the concepts, methods, and actual tactical measures undertaken by Islamic universities in Indonesia, as well as their significance in the fight against environmental issues. The study is based on qualitative data obtained from the State Islamic University (UIN) of Raden Intan Lampung. The study's findings show that the conceptualizations and strategies of Indonesian Islamic institutions are situated in the context of addressing the environmental crisis. The concept has advanced to the level of environmental conservation curriculum. Similarly, at the policy level, it has been employed for spatial planning and campus infrastructure development. However, because these stages are still internal, there are no concrete consequences or impacts. The efforts of Islamic institutions in Indonesia have not been successful in resolving the country's environmental issues. Salah satu contoh pencapaian besar studi Islam di Indonesia adalah integrasi dan interkoneksi berbagai disiplin ilmu melalui lembaga-lembaga Islam. Metode ini telah dikonkretkan selama dua dekade terakhir dengan mengubah institut Islam menjadi universitas, yang memungkinkan mereka memperluas berbagai bidang ilmiah, terutama humaniora sosial dan sains, dengan menggabungkannya dengan studi Islam. Ketika masalah lingkungan era modern telah berdampak pada hampir setiap negara di dunia, termasuk Indonesia, pertanyaannya adalah bagaimana perguruan tinggi Islam dapat membantu meringankan krisis lingkungan melalui strategi yang saling berhubungan dan integratif. Penelitian ini mengkaji konsep, metode, dan langkah taktis aktual yang dilakukan universitas Islam di Indonesia, serta signifikansinya dalam melawan isu lingkungan. Kajian ini didasarkan pada data kualitatif yang diperoleh dari Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Raden Intan Lampung. Temuan studi menunjukkan bahwa konseptualisasi dan strategi lembaga Islam Indonesia terletak dalam konteks mengatasi krisis lingkungan. Konsep tersebut telah maju ke tingkat kurikulum pelestarian lingkungan. Demikian pula di tingkat kebijakan, telah digunakan untuk perencanaan tata ruang dan pembangunan infrastruktur kampus. Namun, karena tahapan-tahapan tersebut masih bersifat internal, tidak ada konsekuensi atau dampak yang nyata. Upaya lembaga-lembaga Islam di Indonesia belum berhasil menyelesaikan masalah lingkungan negara.

The transference of knowledge which takes place in various Islamic educational systems, from basic to higher education, is mostly normative and happens doctrinally, giving little space for reinterpretation. Higher education, which is expected to bring about progress, often fails under these circumstances, with its strong tendency to preserve classical Islamic traditions without alteration. This problem is clearly discerned at the Faculty of Islamic Law within Islamic universities in Indonesia, which has a strong reputation for dealing with, as well as the authority to deal with, social and theological issues in Indonesia. The existing Islamic law curriculum, which is based solely upon classical Islamic thought, precludes the emergence of transformative solutions to modern problems. The author takes the view that curriculum reform is imperative, and has produced this document whose aim is to promote and improve the teaching of human rights in the Islamic University in Indonesia. This project adapted the principles of Participatory Action-Reflection Research, which combines action, reflection, participation and research. Several bottlenecks inhibiting effective teaching of human rights were identified and the author has made recommendations on how they might be removed. This project is designed to be a pilot project in developing Human Rights Education in Islamic higher education in Indonesia

Background: 
 The occurrence of the Covid-19 pandemic forced educational institutions to change learning methods and techniques, especially at Islamic universities in Indonesia. Learning loss is a separate obstacle that must be faced after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to describe lecturers' factors, strategies, and roles in dealing with learning loss in learning English at Islamic universities in Indonesia.
 Methodology: 
 This study examines or interprets written materials based on the context of published records, textbooks, newspapers, periodicals, and articles. This paper's method guided the writing of research-based conclusions. These conclusions defined "learning loss" and examined the English learning problems at Islamic universities in Indonesia following the pandemic. Descriptive-qualitative methods get facts and interpretations. This method studies deductive and inductive reasoning up to the level of description.
 Findings: 
 This study finds some factors of learning loss in English learning at Islamic universities, such as internet access, the quality of their distance education program, families, and engagement.
 Conclusion: 
 This research concludes that in overcoming learning loss after the COVID-19 pandemic, learning recovery is carried out by all parties, including the university, lecturers, the entire campus academic community, and local and central governments, by designing the Independent Learning Curriculum.
 Originality: 
 This research demonstrates that the COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacts English learning. In addition, this study identifies the causes of student learning loss at Islamic universities.

Linguistic competency improvement strategies need to be developed to face challenges. This study aims to analyze Arabic language learning in Islamic universities in Indonesia, focusing on teaching methods, challenges faced, and strategies to improve students' linguistic competence. This study uses a qualitative approach by collecting data through classroom observation, interviews with Arabic teachers, and analysis of related documents in Indonesian Islamic University (UII), State Islamic University (UIN) Jakarta, State Islamic University (UIN) Yogyakarta, State Islamic University (UIN) Sunan Kalijaga, State University of Malang (UM), Yogyakarta State University (UNY). The results showed that the teaching methods commonly used in Islamic universities in Indonesia are lecture methods, discussion methods, demonstration methods, and problem-solving methods. However, the use of the lecture method is still dominant in the context of Arabic language learning. Challenges faced by students in learning Arabic include the complexity of Arabic grammar, time constraints, lack of resources, and a dense curriculum. Strategies identified include using educational technology in Arabic language learning, teacher training and mentorship, extracurricular programs involving the Arabic language, and an emphasis on developing speaking and writing skills in Arabic.

This research aims to explain the historicity of hadith study and its learning model in Indonesia and Uzbekistan by making the research locus of 3 (three) State Islamic Universities: State Islamic University (UIN) Sunan Kudus, UIN Syekh Wasil Kediri, and UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang as representations of Islamic universities in Indonesia and the Tashkent Islamic Institute as a representation of Islamic universities in Uzbekistan. This research used a qualitative approach with observation, interviews, and documentation as data collection techniques. The collected data were then analyzed descriptively and critically. The result shows that the network of scholars who entered Indonesia and Uzbekistan through trade routes intensified their struggles with hadith. The Prophet’s hadith is studied for its transmission, content, guidance, and application in these two countries. Hadith learning in universities, especially Islamic universities, is now a basic compulsory subject known as institute courses and is supported by facilities and infrastructure that enhance the comfort of the learning experience. Indonesia and Uzbekistan share concerns about studying the hadith of the Prophet PBUH because the hadith is the second source of Islamic law after the Qur’an. Hadith studies in Uzbekistan emphasize hadith studies of classic primary hadith books, while Indonesian hadith studies have been linked to global and contemporary issues.

Purpose: The objective of the present study is to investigate the design of knowledge management (KM) implementation in State Islamic Universities, which possess the status of a Public Service Agency (BLU) and have implemented the remuneration system. KM is an approach to understand how knowledge is produced, stored, and distributed to improve the academic productivity. Methodology: It is a qualitative research with a phenomenological approach, which is conducted to reveal the KM implementation by exploring the knowledge management-related activities in Islamic universities in Indonesia. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, documentation and focus group discussions (FGDs). Data analysis was done through data reduction, data display, conclusions, and verification. Main Findings: The present study indicates that KM is designed by including: First, knowledge production sourced from the outcomes of research carried out by lecturers and academic staff members with various research schemes; Second, knowledge storage is done in offline and online modes (Offline storage includes printouts, journals, and proceedings while online storage is in the form of repositories, websites, and online journals); Third, knowledge distribution is done through printouts, electronic systems, conventional lectures, and references. The KM implementation will be optimal with the support of relevant policies from the top management. Applications: The present study provides an overview of KM design that can be used as a framework by the actors and policy makers in educational institutions. Novelty / Originality: The novelty of the present study is on the description and the KM flow design in State Islamic Universities in Indonesia.

A world-class university is a primary goal of most universities, including Islamic universities in Indonesia. Research about a strategic policy of universities toward a world-class university (WCU) has been conducted. However, few researchers have explored the strategic policy of Islamic universities to achieve world-class status, particularly in Indonesia. Responding to the gap, this research aims to examine the strategic policy implemented by an Islamic university in Indonesia (i.e., UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta) toward a world-class university. In addition, this research also reveals potential challenges encountered by the university in becoming a world-class university. This research employed a case study design involving selected three informants: (1) the head of quality assurance of UIN Sunan Kaliaga Yogyakarta; (2) an expert in strategic policy of higher education; and (3) an expert of policy and management in higher education. An in-depth interview and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) were conducted with the informants to gather the required data. The findings depicted that UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta has implemented several indicators of a world-class university, such as designing an international curriculum, building partnerships with international universities, and organizing international standardized programs of human resources development. However, the university also encountered several challenges, such as a lack of internationally reputable professors, a lack of international students, and a lack of independence in terms of facility and financial issues. In conclusion, UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta has not been recognized as a world-class university, but it is continuously developing toward a world-class status. This research offers both theoretical and practical contributions to developing Islamic universities in Indonesia toward a world-class university.

Purpose – This study aimed to analyze the purchase intentions of Muslim students from private Islamic universities in Indonesia toward halal cosmetics in Korea.Methodology – This study involved 287 Muslim students from eight private Islamic universities in Indonesia. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Partial Least Squares (PLS) to examine the relationships between the variables.Findings – The results reveal that attitude, brand image, country of origin, and fear of missing out (FOMO) significantly influence purchase intention. Among these, brand image exerts the strongest effect, followed by FOMO, whereas country of origin has a smaller influence. In contrast, halal knowledge and religiosity do not directly affect purchase intention, although they significantly influence attitudes.Implication – These findings underscore the importance of Korean halal cosmetic brands in building strong brand image and fostering positive consumer attitudes. Companies should focus on the perceived product quality, innovation, and alignment with values that are important to Muslim consumers. In addition, the significant role of FOMO suggests the effectiveness of marketing strategies that create urgency and exclusivity.Originality – This research is original in its focus on Korean halal cosmetic purchase intentions among Muslim students from eight Islamic private universities in Indonesia. It contributes to the understanding of how brand image, religiosity, halal knowledge, country of origin, and FOMO shape consumer behavior in the halal cosmetic market.

This research focused on (1) the development of library services at the State Islamic University (hereafter UIN) in Indonesia, and (2) the implications of library services for students’ learning satisfaction at UIN in Indonesia. This research used mix-methods using a purposive sampling technique. The samples were three library directors, 12 librarians, and 345 students. Data collections involved interviews, observations, and questionnaires, while the data were analyzed using a descriptive approach. The results showed that UIN in Indonesia developed the library services through planning, developing facilities, improving librarian competencies, enhancing the collaboration or network between libraries, and developing the library services. The results also revealed that the quality of library services at UIN in Indonesia was categorized as good, with an average of 76.62%. In contrast, the level of student satisfaction concerning the library services of UIN was classified as satisfactory, with an average of 76.91%. The library services had a strong implication on UIN students’ satisfaction, with a correlation coefficient of 0.765. This means that library services have a strong relationship with UIN students’ learning satisfaction in Indonesia.

There are various ways of integrating holistic-integrative Islamic scholarship in the era of postmodernism such as in Indonesia today. This qualitative descriptive writing with a literature study aims to discuss the holistic-integrative integration of Islamic knowledge in higher education in Indonesia. The data analysis technique uses content analysis by sorting data according to the research objectives and problems. This research found the following two things. First, in essence, the integration of Islamic scholarship from holistic-integrative postmodernism-era thinkers is a criticism of the normative-theological Islamic scientific paradigm of the traditionalism era as well as a criticism of the empirical-sociological Islamic paradigm of the modernism era. Second, the essence of the integration of Islamic science in the postmodern era of religious universities in Indonesia is to end the dichotomy of science and religious science for scientific construction in the future. Several Islamic universities in Indonesia have carried out scientific integration, including UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta with the concept of Reintegration of Sciences in Islam, UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta with the concept of Integration-Interconnection using the Spider Web metaphor, UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang with the concept of Integration of Science in Islam with the Tree of Knowledge metaphor, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung with the concept of Wahyu Guiding Knowledge with the wheel metaphor, UIN Alauddin Makasar with the concept of Integration and Interconnection of Science and Religious Knowledge with the metaphor of the Tree of Science Cells, and others.

The aim of this study was to investigate the learning styles of prospective biology teachers in Islamic universities (PBTs-IU) in Indonesia during the COVID-19 pandemic. 195 PBTs-IU were surveyed by using the Felder-Silverman Learning Style instruments. The results show that in online learning PBTs-IU practice and like dimensions of learning styles, such as in active – social oriented learning, in sensing – existing ways, concrete material, careful with details, in visual – pictures, and in sequential – sequential progress.

The purpose of this study is to identify and describe Islamic ideology and the role of Islamic universities in ostering pluralism in society. Participants in the study were Islamic Universities in Indonesia. The research design used is a descriptive antitative approach. Data collection techniques were carried out by means of observation, questionnaires, and documentation using multiple regression analysis. The population in this study is Islamic Universities in Indonesia, as for the sample used in this study as many as 115 respondents. The research was conducted at Islamic Universities with the reasons for the need for observation and knowledge as a reference to Islamic Ideology and the Role of Islamic Universities in Fostering Pluralism in Society. This research method also combines with qualitative research to see the Islamic perspective in the influence of these three variables. Quantitatively, the findings reveal that Islamic ideology and Islamic universities have a positive and significant impact on pluralism in Indonesian society. It can be described that the higher the understanding of Islamic ideology and the role of Islamic universities, the higher the level of pluralism in society in Indonesia. Qualitatively, it was found that, based on the results of observations and interviews with respondents, there is an opinion that the importance of Islamic ideology and the role of Islamic religious universities in influencing the socio-religious life in the community around universities, is real, because the context of Tri Dharma in higher education is a must to be applied in the community and all society members. The role of universities is very important considering the confusion of public understanding related to pluralism. Through education, research and community service, people will be more enlightened about the importance of maintaining tolerance, be it religion, nation and state as a whole.