Abstract

The palm grove of Elche, in the South-east of Spain, is a creation of the Xe century. It results from the Arab knowledge of creation of oasis. The plantation makes it possible to stabilize the ground, to decrease the evaporation of water (shades), and to protect the plantations from the wind. This improves the effectiveness of the irrigation, necessary for the development of a local agriculture and the setting of a city. This article reconsiders the operation of the palm grove plantation, and particularly of the system of irrigation. It explains the various modifications of the site, of the Christian invasion of the 13th century to the various evolutions of the 20th century, during which the agricultural vocation of the palm plantation tends to disappear. The article finishes on the patrimonial challenges which the protection of the palm plantation raises, in particular since the registration of the site to the world heritage of UNESCO in 2000. (Abstract written by the journal).

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