The Owens College Extension of 1870–73: Rethinking the Origins of the Civic University Tradition in England

<i>Redbrick: A Social and Architectural History of Britain’s Civic Universities</i>. By William Whyte.Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2015. Pp. xviii+390. $110.00.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to propose a new model of corporate governance that is holistic – incorporating internal and macro perspectives across legal, regulatory, sociological, ethical, human resource management, behavioural and corporate strategic frameworks. Researchers have signalled the need for “new theoretical perspectives and new models of governance” due to a dearth of research that is context‐driven, empirical, and encapsulating the full spectrum of reasons and actions contributing to corporate crises.Design/methodology/approachThe approach consists of theory building by reviewing the literature and examining the gaps and limitations.FindingsThe proposed model is a distinctive contribution to theory and practice in three ways. First, it integrates the firm‐specific, micro factors with the country‐specific, macro factors to illustrate the holistic nature of corporate governance. Second, shareholders and stakeholders are shown to be only one component of the model. Third, it veers away from singular approaches, to dealing with corporate governance using a multi‐disciplinary perspective. The paper argues that such a holistic and integrated view is a necessity for understanding governance systems.Research limitations/ImplicationsThe challenge is to operationalize the model and test it empirically.Practical implicationsThe model is instructive and of use for practitioners in attempting to understand, explain and develop governance models that are appropriate to their national and industry settings.Originality/valueThis paper argues that narrow‐based models are limited in their approach and in a sound and integrative review of the up‐to‐date literature contributes to theory‐building on corporate governance.

This research work, a study was carried out on blockchain technology and its types, as well as the creation of new models of government and governance from the scope of an organization, infrastructure and platform. Governance and commercial models were addressed, based on standardization of data and legal frameworks. On the other hand, it showed how operational governance causes consequences in business models, whether with transactions, multi-signature, forks, consensus mechanism, smart contracts, tokenization, online dispute resolution and decentralized application (World Economic Forum, 2020, pp. 97 196). It was discovered that at least in current business models, private blockchain networks are more useful than public networks because they have greater operational flexibility and data governance, without exempting that public networks must also have mechanisms of governance since sometimes a human consensus must be reached to make updates to protocols and technical rules (The Law Society, 2020, pp. 24-61). This paper shows the basic principles that must be observed about governance and regulation in the implementation of blockchain technologies in systems created by governments, corporations and/or organized civil societies.

RETRACTED: Government ecological governance management based on heterogeneous multi-processors and dynamic image sampling

The benefits and harms of Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) deserve to be explored in depth. The evaluation of the fundamental conceptual, ethical and legal questions associated with BCI applications should be scrutinized. Finally, the resulting insights should be leveraged to benefit both medicine and society. We will perform this exploration with two focuses: the first one will look at the epistemic and ethical impact of the peer-production of knowledge (citizen science) and the second one will look at the legal criteria that should inform the introduction of a novel form of regulation which is envisioned by the sandbox approach [1]. With a view to complying with a translational research approach, it is required to foster co-creation of knowledge and therefore to include the active participation of patients, their families, clinicians, healthy users and the public in the process aimed at the regulation of the use of BCIs. Citizen science is emerging as an important policy orientation but is still largely unknown [2]. Users are holders of practical knowledge which should be emphasized in a translational approach. There is a close connection between the emergence of a new model of governance of BCIs, which takes into account the issues of epistemic injustice and the deep and profound implications on science as a discipline, a profession, and as a practice, foreseen by the policy orientation of citizen science [3]. Moreover, considering the user as merely a passive participant amounts to an injustice done to someone specifically in their capacity as a knower [4]. This part of the special session is about providing a state-of-the-art account of what is going on in co-creation theory, which is the necessary premise for designing co-creation activities in the framework of the sandboxes. How is the co-creation of knowledge possible? Why does co-creation of knowledge matter? These questions are central in the epistemology of the co-creation and have significant effects on [...]

Samuel Phillips Bedson was born on 1 December 1886 in Newcastle upon Tyne. His father, Peter Phillips Bedson, was born in Manchester, educated at Manchester Grammar School and studied chemistry under Sir Henry Roscoe at Owens College, later Manchester University. After a period of postgraduate study at the University of Bonn, Peter Bedson returned to this country and was appointed to the Chair of Chemistry in the University of Durham (Durham College of Science, Newcastle upon Tyne). He held this Chair for 37 years until his retirement in 1921. His wife was the daughter of Samuel Hodgkinson, cotton spinner (Hollins Mill Co.) of Marple, Cheshire. There were three children of this marriage, Sam being the second. Along with his elder brother and four other boys he was educated privately until the age of ten. Then after one year at Newcastle Preparatory School he went to Abbotsholme School in Derbyshire where he spent the next six years. This school had been founded by Cecil Reddie as an experiment in secondary education because of his dissatisfaction with the narrowness of the curriculum in most Public Schools. Reddie planned ‘a programme of general education catering for physical and manual skills, for artistic and imaginative development, for literary and intellectual growth and for moral and religious training’.

EWS OF destruction by aerial warfare of the Eighteenth Century library and DALTON relics, belonging to the Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society, has been received,* and although at the time of writing the extent of the damage is unknown, considerable loss is feared. The library report of April, 1939 listed a total of over fifty thousand volumes, and the rooms contained DALTON'S manuscripts and apparatus, JOULE'S chronometer, and portraits of NEWTON, DAVY, DALTON, JOULE, PERCIVAL and other distinguished men who have been associated with the Society.2 The Society, one of the earliest of its kind outside London, was founded in 1781, largely through the activities of THOMAS PERCIVAL. The early history is linked with that of the Warrington Academy (1757-1784),5 for PERCIVAL was a pupil at the school and came under the influence of PRIESTLEY. It is not surprising therefore that when the school was compelled to close its doors, its supporters turned to Manchester, where PERCIVAL'S Literary and Philosophical Society was creating an atmosphere of intellectual curiosity unknown elsewhere in provincial England. The new Manchester Academy remained in the town for several years, but after much wandering finally settled in Oxford as Manchester College. The Literary and Philosophical Society remained in Manchester, continuing to stimulate thought and discussion, and giving rise to continual demands for provincial university education, which culminated in the founding of Owen's College in 1851, and finally in the Victoria University Charter in 1880. THOMAS PERCIVAL, the Father of the Society, and author of the greatest book on medical ethics in the English language,t was born in 1740, in Warrington, the son of JOSEPH PERCIVAL, a merchant. THOMAS was at one time a student at the Manchester Grammar School and later a pupil at the Warrington Academy. He studied medicine in Edinburgh, and in 1765 went

EWS OF destruction by aerial warfare of the Eighteenth Century library and DALTON relics, belonging to the Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society, has been received,* and although at the time of writing the extent of the damage is unknown, considerable loss is feared. The library report of April, 1939 listed a total of over fifty thousand volumes, and the rooms contained DALTON'S manuscripts and apparatus, JOULE'S chronometer, and portraits of NEWTON, DAVY, DALTON, JOULE, PERCIVAL and other distinguished men who have been associated with the Society.2 The Society, one of the earliest of its kind outside London, was founded in 1781, largely through the activities of THOMAS PERCIVAL. The early history is linked with that of the Warrington Academy (1757-1784),5 for PERCIVAL was a pupil at the school and came under the influence of PRIESTLEY. It is not surprising therefore that when the school was compelled to close its doors, its supporters turned to Manchester, where PERCIVAL'S Literary and Philosophical Society was creating an atmosphere of intellectual curiosity unknown elsewhere in provincial England. The new Manchester Academy remained in the town for several years, but after much wandering finally settled in Oxford as Manchester College. The Literary and Philosophical Society remained in Manchester, continuing to stimulate thought and discussion, and giving rise to continual demands for provincial university education, which culminated in the founding of Owen's College in 1851, and finally in the Victoria University Charter in 1880. THOMAS PERCIVAL, the Father of the Society, and author of the greatest book on medical ethics in the English language,t was born in 1740, in Warrington, the son of JOSEPH PERCIVAL, a merchant. THOMAS was at one time a student at the Manchester Grammar School and later a pupil at the Warrington Academy. He studied medicine in Edinburgh, and in 1765 went

Colleges were founded in many of the cities of Victorian England. Some failed; others became the civic universities of twentieth-century Britain. Owens College, Manchester; Yorkshire College, Leeds; and University College, Liverpool, which formed the Victoria University; are examples both diverse and interconnected, as well as representative and influential, and therefore form the basis of this study. The new colleges quickly evolved efficient academic self-government. The successively evolved constitutions of Owens College and the Victoria University were widely influential, but the developing practice of academic governance was perhaps more significant. British academics were learning to use their constitutions and diverge from the apparent letter of statutes in ways which have been widely admired in the twentieth century.

A DISTINGUISHED English zoologist, a remarkably fine teacher and a man of a singular charm of character, has been lost to science by the death, on September 14, of Prof. Frederick William Gamble, Mason professor of zoology and comparative anatomy in the University of Birmingham. He was born in Manchester on July 13, 1869, and was educated at the Manchester Grammar School and at the Owens College. At the College he came under the influence of the late Prof. A. Milnes Marshall, and catching his enthusiasm for the study of animal morphology, devoted himself to zoological studies. After taking his degree with first-class honours in the newly established Victoria University and gaining the Bishop Berkeley research fellowship, he went abroad and studied for a time in the University of Leipzig. The first two papers from his pen, one on our rare British Nudibranchs, published in 1892, and the other on the British marine Turbellaria, published in 1893, were descriptive and systematic in character, but already they showed evidence of the tendency of his mind towards the experimental side of the subject.

Premierato – a New Model of Government in the Light of the Draft Amendment to the Provisions of the Constitution of the Italian Republic The aim of this article is to analyze the constitutional reform bill submitted to the Italian Parliament by Giorgia Meloni’s government in November 2023. The analysis of the reform process is set within the broader context of constitutional and political conditions. The core premise of the proposal is the introduction of universal and direct elections of the President of the Council of Ministers into Italy’s constitutional system. The intended outcome of the amendment is the establishment of a new model of government (the so-called premierato) and the strengthening of executive stability in the Italian Republic. The reform draws on Maurice Duverger’s concept of neoparliamentarism and constitutes an interesting example of an attempt to rationalize the parliamentary system of government. The article discusses the potential consequences of this change for institutional balance, as well as the systemic limitations and controversies surrounding the government’s proposal.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine public‐private partnerships with a particular focus on the impact that such partnerships have on territorial governance. These organizations are spread all over the world with the goal of promoting community participation and sustainable development, and engaging citizens and organizations in the decision making of local governance. This situation underlines important changes in governance and territorial governance models.Design/methodology/approachA mix of qualitative and quantitative approaches are used. Analysing the existing literature, the paper focuses on specific type of public‐private partnership: the Local Action Group (LAG). Specifically, this study focuses on 63 Italian LAGs, in order to highlight their role in the challenges that local governance has to face.FindingsFindings suggest that public‐private partnerships can represent a new model of governance – the Partnership Governance – with features that differentiate this form from other models.Originality/valueThrough a relatively novel statistical technique, combined with interviews, document analysis and direct observations, on the one hand the public‐private partnership phenomenon is observed, and on the other hand, a new mode of governance that is affecting the worldwide scenario in a current era and that is introducing ethical principles in governance systems is conceived.

The article describes copies of three early-printed books at the Manchester Grammar School, which have not previously been noted in the bibliographies. These are the Missale Romanum (Venice, 1494), De Re Militari (Rome, 1494), and Aquinas, Summa contra Gentiles (Cologne, 1501). Two of the books have Hungarian connections, as is shown by inscriptions in them. They appear to have been at the grammar school since the late nineteenth or early twentieth century, but their detailed provenance remains obscure.

Introduction. Building an effective and fair system of public finance is an important stimulus for the dynamic development of economy of Ukraine. In this case, balance and rationality of financial resources of Ukraine will contribute to creating an enabling macroeconomic environment for business and investment growth and provide guaranteed stability in the system of social protection. However, imbalances and problems in public finances are able to form a threat to national economic development. According to this the article is devoted to coverage of topical issues of public financial management in Ukraine and defining their solutions via the implementation of a new model of government – the transfer of key business practices in public administration. Results. Main solution for issues in a public finance management should be the implementation of the new government model which is based on using main principles of corporate finance management in public area. New government model includes elastic system of compensation to public officers which is based on KPIs, decentralization of budget system and controlling by independent auditor. Conclusion. The implementation of a new model of public administration requires systematic and deep reforms, which required considerable significant time and financial resources.

New ways of doing business: Some legal concepts underwriting a new model of governance — thoughts from the English‐speaking Caribbean*