Abstract
Despite the huge research into stem cells and their regenerative properties for bone healing, there are still unanswered questions including the recipient's respond to the presence of the stem cells, the fate of stem cells inside the bone defect and the possible advantage in utilizing pre-differentiated cells. To address these problems, we used human multipotent mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs), GMP Grade, in a rat model of bone formation. In a "bioreactor concept" approach seven Wistar rats were implanted with 0.2 g of synthetic bone scaffold seeded with 2 × 106 MSCs, seven Wistar rats were implanted with 0.2 g of synthetic bone scaffold seeded with 1 × 106 predifferentiated osteoblasts and 1 × 106 pre-differentiated endothelial cells and 14 Wistar rats were implanted with 0.2 g of synthetic bone scaffold without seeded cells into an intramuscular pocket on the left side of their back. The right side of each rat was used as a control, and 0.2 g of synthetic bone scaffold was implanted into the intramuscular pocket alone. To see the early stage healing the samples were harvested 14 days after the implantation, MSCs were detected by positive DAPI and MTCO2 staining in 43% of all the samples implanted with MSCs, and no inflammation signs were present in any implanted animal. New vessels could be found in both groups implanted with MSCs, but not in the control group of animals. However, hematoxylin-eosin staining could not detect newly created bone within the implant in any of the groups. These results were in line with COLL1 staining, where we could detect positive staining only in three cases, all of which were implanted with un-differentiated MSCs. According to our findings, there were no benefits of using the pre-differentiated of MSC.
Highlights
MANAGEMENT OF THE BONE DEFECTSBone disorders connected with the aging population, low physical activity and higher body weight starts to represents challenging tasks for nowadays and mostly close future medicine
Immunohistochemical analysis confirmed the biocompatibility of the human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) with the calcium triphosphate synthetic bone scaffold
MSCs were detected by positive DAPI and MTCO2 staining in 43% of all the samples implanted with MSCs, in 57% of samples with undifferentiated MSCs and in 28% of samples with pre-differentiated MSCs as shown in Table 2 and Figure 4a
Summary
MANAGEMENT OF THE BONE DEFECTSBone disorders connected with the aging population, low physical activity and higher body weight starts to represents challenging tasks for nowadays and mostly close future medicine. The small defect can be left without any treatment and undergo physiological regeneration similar way to the healing of a bone fracture This standard procedure works very well in case of small defects but larger defects are often accompanied by some complications, such as pathological fracture or dehiscence of the wound with secondary infection and subsequently blood clot disintegration. Most of these complications can be prevented by filling the bone defect with materials that can replace the bone immediately after surgery and enhance the healing speed by stimulating new bone creation. Even though stem cells are generally more resistant to hypoxia and low nutrition supply than somatic cells, we must ensure that the growth of the blood vessels is complete before maturation occurs
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
