Abstract
We study the dynamics of a one-dimensional Bose gas in presence of strong two-body losses. In this dissipative quantum Zeno regime, the gas fermionises and its dynamics can be described with a simple set of rate equations. Employing the local density approximation and a Boltzmann-like dynamical equation, the description is extended to take into account an external potential. We show that in the absence of confinement the population is depleted in an anomalous way and that the gas behaves as a low-temperature classical gas. The harmonic confinement accelerates the depopulation of the gas and introduces a novel decay regime, which we thoroughly characterise.
Highlights
In this article we present a theoretical description of the effect of a harmonic confinement on the dynamics of the one-dimensional Bose gas with strong two-body losses
For pedagogical reasons, we show that in the absence of harmonic confinement the long-time dynamics deviates from naive mean-field expectations; in particular we show that the gas is turned into a low-temperature classical gas described by a Maxwell-Boltzmann momentum distribution function
In this article we have studied the effect of a harmonic confinement on the dynamics of a onedimensional Bose gas subject to strong two-body losses
Summary
The study of quantum many-body physics with ultra-cold gases has recently attracted considerable attention [1]. Restricting our focus to one-dimensional Bose gases that at low temperature are described by the Lieb-Liniger model [5, 6], several developments, among which the generalised hydrodynamics [7, 8], have produced a theoretical framework that successfully describes the experiments where bosonic gases are put out of equilibrium via a quantum quench of the external potential [9,10,11]. Instead, we are interested in the case of strong two-body losses, and our goal is to characterise the simplest experimental observable, namely the dynamics of the total number of particles composing the gas This problem has already been discussed for a lattice gas described by the Bose-Hubbard model without any external confinement in Ref. In this article we present a theoretical description of the effect of a harmonic confinement on the dynamics of the one-dimensional Bose gas with strong two-body losses.
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