Abstract
According to a recent study, <i>Ganoderma</i> may be the third genus, after <i>Alternaria</i> and <i>Cladosporium</i>, whose spores cause symptoms of allergy and whose levels are directly related to meteorological factors. There are only few articles from different parts of the world about the relationships between <i>Ganoderma</i> spore count and meteorological factors. The aim of the study was to review all available publications about airborne <i>Ganoderma</i> spores and to compare the results in a short useful form.
Highlights
Airborne spores are the primary means of dispersal for fungi
Tarlo et al (1979) found Ganoderma basidiospores to be the most prevalent fungal air spores in Canada, while Hasnain et al (1985), Cutten et al (1988), Hasnain (1993) in their studies from New Zealand reported that Ganoderma basidiospores constituted a major component of the air spora, probably reflecting the great forested area in this country, and the markedly higher concentrations occurred in summer and autumn, from December to April
It is well known that high humidity and rain favor the production and liberation of basidiospores. This compares with the reports of McCracken (1987) and Hasnain et al (2004) that the level of humidity about 70% was associated with increased concentrations of Ganoderma spores
Summary
Airborne spores are the primary means of dispersal for fungi. Spores are single or multicellular units surrounded by a rigid (usually chitinous) cell wall. Hasnain et al (1985), Cutten et al (1988) and Hasnain (1993), in their studies from Auckland, New Zealand, reported that Ganoderma basidiospores constituted a major component of the air spora and were potential sources of allergens involved in asthma and allergic rhinitis. Tarlo et al (1979) found Ganoderma basidiospores to be the most prevalent fungal air spores in Canada, while Hasnain et al (1985), Cutten et al (1988), Hasnain (1993) in their studies from New Zealand reported that Ganoderma basidiospores constituted a major component of the air spora, probably reflecting the great forested area in this country, and the markedly higher concentrations occurred in summer and autumn, from December to April. Lacey (1981) observed that concentrations of airborne basidiospores of all types showed a diurnal periodicity typical of this fungal spore type, with the maximum concentration at night, between 02:00 and 04:00 h, when dew is sufficient for spore liberation
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