The new variety of fiber flax Tomich 2

Abstract

The paper presents the results of competitive testing of fiber flax hybrids in order to create an early ripening and productive variety with high quality fiber, resistant to lodging and diseases, and adapted to the conditions of Siberia. The studies were carried out on grey forest medium podzolic, medium-textured, medium-loamy soils of the sub-taiga zone in the Tomsk region. The predecessors were cereals. Climatic conditions were suitable for the cultivation of early- and mid-ripening varieties of fiber flax. In the competitive variety testing in 2012-2014, the promising hybrids H 4105 26 and H 4144 21 were bred, whose pedigree comprised a combination of a number of Tomsk selection varieties (Tomsky 9, Tomsky 10, Tomsky 16), two Russian varieties (Biryuza, Lazurnyiy), a Belarussian one (Orshan-sky 72) and a specimen of wild flax from Denmark. The assessment and selection of hybrid material was carried out using the pedigree method, based on the multiple individual selection and testing of chosen plants by progeny in hybrid generations. Competitive testing was carried out in comparison with the standard recognized variety Tomsky 16. Regarding the duration of the growing season, the studied hybrids H 4105 26 and H 4144 21 belong to the early maturing group, and the period of development from seeding to harvesting amounts to 63-86 days. The selected hybrids have a higher quality of fiber (the ratio between the stem length and diameter is 461-473), and are characterized by high productivity of straw (3.18-3.25 t/ha) and seeds (0.85-0.91 t/ha). According to the results of the competitive testing, hybrid H 4105 26 , stood out by the increased fiber content (35.8%), straw and seed yields during the years with different agrometeorological condition. Thus, it was acknowledged as a promising variety and was passed to the State variety testing as a new variety of fiber flax Tomich 2 for North-West, Central, Volga-Vyatsky and Western-Siberian regions of Russia from 2017.