Abstract
Entrepreneurship is becoming understood as a set of competencies needed for many professions and, as a result, requires to be integrated into higher education even in such seemingly distant areas as, e.g., public administration, sport, agriculture, tourism, etc. Therefore, there is a need for research-based guidance on how to introduce and develop entrepreneurial education as an enabling approach to the transition in higher education that could serve as an integral part of a paradigm shift towards an entrepreneurial university. This paper aims to support that transition and to address related challenges by the presentation of a new progression model, which provides guidelines for the development of courses at the tertiary level with an entrepreneurial university approach. The construction of the new applicable model is central to the purpose of this study and based on a systematized literature review. Additionally, the input–process–output–outcome framework, originally constructed for the evaluation of educational programs, was adapted to the incorporation of an overall framework into the new model. In the results, the paper redefines some of the relevant core terms, such as “entrepreneurial education” and its “progression model”. The research outcomes offer broad practical and theoretical applicability to a range of stakeholders—educators, students/learners, industry/business, policy makers, and researchers.
Highlights
The paradigm of higher education is shifting from the traditional towards an entrepreneurial university, giving different meanings of this term [1,2,3,4]
The data for the literature review were collected from articles published in the following scientific journals: Journal of Business Venturing (JBV), Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice (ET&P), Small Business Economics (SBM), Entrepreneurship and Regional Development (E&RD), and Higher Education (HE)
Entrepreneurial education at the university level, understood and implemented on the ground of the above defining qualities, can be expected to create “entrepreneurial graduates” who are prepared by the higher education system to demonstrate entrepreneurial competencies in their professional activities
Summary
The paradigm of higher education is shifting from the traditional towards an entrepreneurial university, giving different meanings of this term [1,2,3,4]. The main research has been focused on industry-university relations with respect to technology transfer [7] or university–business cooperation [8]. This approach to the entrepreneurial university is sometimes expanded by introducing novel elements into its conceptual framework such as the creation of new spin-off firms [9]. The author is convinced that the entrepreneurial university should be much more than just selling knowledge to the industry, gaining commercial orders from external stakeholders, or even more than new venture creation.
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