Abstract
1. The use of vacuum furnaces of the new generation with convective heating of the charge makes it possible to shorten the time of the full cycle of heat treatment and provides a uniform heating over the cross section and a decrease in the level of thermal stresses in the parts (removal of the risk of crack formation), while the high-pressure gas cooling with the use of a multipurpose system of gas flow during the cooling of the charge makes it possible to widen the range of the treated steels and perform isothermal quenching. 2. Treatment in such vacuum furnaces makes it possible to avoid quenching cracks, reduce to a minimum the quenching strain, and realize automatic control of cooling of dies, stamps, and other complex-geometry instruments during isothermal quenching.
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