Abstract
The present series of studies was designed to provide a general overview of the development of the region connecting the olfactory bulb to the forebrain. The olfactory peduncle (OP) contains several structures involved in processing odor information with the anterior olfactory nucleus (cortex) being the largest and most studied. Results indicate that considerable growth occurs in the peduncle from postnatal day (P)10–P20, with reduced expansion from P20 to P30. No evidence was found for the addition of new projection or interneurons during the postnatal period. GABAergic cells decreased in both number and density after P10. Glial populations exhibited different patterns of development, with astrocytes declining in density from P10 to P30, and both oligodendrocytes and microglia increasing through the interval. Myelination in the anterior commissure emerged between P11 and P14. Dense cholinergic innervation was observed at P10 and remained relatively stable through P30, while considerable maturation of serotonergic innervation occurred through the period. Unilateral naris occlusion from P1 to P30 resulted in about a 30% reduction in the size of the ipsilateral peduncle but few changes were observed on the contralateral side. The ipsilateral peduncle also exhibited higher densities of GAD67-containing interneurons and cholinergic fibers suggesting a delay in normal developmental pruning. Lower densities of interneurons expressing CCK, somatostatin, and NPY and in myelin basic protein staining were also observed. Understanding variations in developmental trajectories within the OP may be an important tool for unraveling the functions of the region.
Highlights
The olfactory peduncle (OP) connects the olfactory bulb (OB) to the remainder of the forebrain
Dense cholinergic innervation was observed at P10 and remained relatively stable through P30, while considerable maturation of serotonergic innervation occurred through the period
The central core of the OP contains the subventricular zone with the “rostral migratory stream,” a pathway through which new neurons born in a proliferative zone at the edge of the anterior lateral ventricles migrate toward the OB (SVZ/RMS: Doetsch et al, 1997; Cummings et al, 1997a; Abrous et al, 2005; Imayoshi et al, 2009; Ming and Song, 2011)
Summary
The olfactory peduncle (OP) connects the olfactory bulb (OB) to the remainder of the forebrain. The largest is the anterior olfactory nucleus (AON; referred to as the anterior olfactory cortex) which comprises two substructures: a large ring of cells known as the pars principalis (AONpP) and a small, superficial ribbon of neurons known as pars externa (AONpE). The two other structures, the ventral tenia tecta (VTT) and dorsal peducular cortex (DPC), extend into the region dorsal to the peduncle and have received relatively little attention (Haberly, 2001; Brunjes et al, 2005). The central core of the OP contains the subventricular zone with the “rostral migratory stream,” a pathway through which new neurons born in a proliferative zone at the edge of the anterior lateral ventricles migrate toward the OB (SVZ/RMS: Doetsch et al, 1997; Cummings et al, 1997a; Abrous et al, 2005; Imayoshi et al, 2009; Ming and Song, 2011)
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