Abstract
The Kermadec Trench extends 700 miles from 26°S towards New Zealand. Its steep sides with major benches, narrow floor and greater depth separate the Kermadec Trench from the slightly offset, broader and shallower Hikurangi Trench off the east coast of New Zealand. Hikurangi Trench has small-scale benching along its axial depression. Benched sides are also found in Tonga Trench and in other Pacific trenches. The benches are ascribed to superficial normal faulting on the flanks of a major deep-seated crustal depression. New soundings obtained in the S.W. Pacific by explosion sounding equipment are discussed and the instrumentation described. New names, Hikurangi Trench, Colville Ridge, and Havre Trough are proposed for bathymetric features not previously clearly defined.
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