Abstract
ObjectivesTo explore the microbiome of the prostatic fluid in high prostate-specific antigen (PSA) patients.Patients and MethodsThe microbiome profiles of prostatic fluid samples from 32 prostate cancer (PCa) patients and 27 non-PCa people were assessed. Microbiome analysis was assessed by massive 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing.ResultsCompared with the NCA group, the microbial diversity was lower in the CA group. There were no specific microbial species in the CA group or NCA group. However, many species, such as those in the genera Alkaliphilus, Enterobacter, Lactococcus, Cronobacter, Carnobacterium, and Streptococcus, showed a significant difference between the CA group and NCA group.ConclusionThe prostate contains reduced bacteria, suggesting a possible pathophysiological correlation between the composition of the microbiome and PCa. Meanwhile, this study uncovered that the microbiome may be beneficial in maintaining the stability of the microenvironment of the prostate and provides interesting perspectives for the identification of novel biomarkers in high-PSA patients.
Highlights
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the commonest male malignant tumors, and it is the second most diagnosed malignant tumor and the fifth leading cause of tumor-associated death in the world (Wong et al, 2016)
The development of high throughput molecular-based methods for the identification of complex microbiomes has promoted the research in microbiome, which reveals the novel relationship between microbiological composition and human pathological conditions, such as colorectal cancer, PCa, diabetes and obesity
We revealed the microbiome of the prostatic fluid from PCa patients by using a massive 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing approach
Summary
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the commonest male malignant tumors, and it is the second most diagnosed malignant tumor and the fifth leading cause of tumor-associated death in the world (Wong et al, 2016). PCa is the third highest cause of tumor-associated mortality in the United States (Siegel et al, 2017). PCa seriously influences sexual functions, male urinary and decreases the quality of life (Chipman et al, 2014). Despite great efforts made worldwide to explore the novel treatment strategies of PCa, the patients generally relapse and develop resistance in advanced stages.
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