Abstract
<strong>Background</strong>: In December 2019, the COVID-19 outbreak originated in Wuhan, China. Since then, this virus has spread at a very rapid rate affecting many countries. The World Health Organization (WHO) subsequently declared a global pandemic, and a range of precautions have been implemented to reduce the spread of the virus. Some of these precautions included social distancing, self-isolation, and quarantine of those who have contracted or potentially contracted COVID-19. Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at high risk because of the constant contact with infected patients for extended periods or by exposure to a patient’s environment or biological samples. This may cause fear of transmitting the infection to their families. Also, the extended working hours put them under severe stress, fatigue, and adverse social life. All of these factors affect their behaviors and attitudes. <strong>Purpose:</strong> to explore the mental health impact of COVID-19 on HCWs as this will be reflected on their performance on such crisis. Besides, we aim to investigate HCWs' coping strategies during the pandemic and provide coping recommendations based on evidence. <strong>Methods:</strong> A systematic review using PRISMA methodology was used through three electronic databases, including PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus. All cross-sectional studies that were published in English and that assessed the mental health impact of COVID-19 on HCWs or/and coping strategies adopted by them were included. <strong>Results</strong>: A total of one hundred and forty articles total were retrieved from the three databases and were reviewed for relevance. reviews for relevance after remove duplicate. We Ended up with twenty-four recent studies from 2020 that were included in the analysis. As COVID-19 has started in China, our review identified many studies that were done there on the subject of HCWs mental health due to the crisis. Italy took the second place in the number of studies. Nurses and physicians were the populations targeted in many studies. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>COVID-19 has created much pressure on HCWs. This pressure has increased the following mental health complaints: anxiety, depression, insomnia, and stress. Many studies have emphasized the effects of social support as an effective way of coping with COVID-19.
Highlights
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic caused by the new coronavirus known as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-2)
Most of the articles were published in China this might be due to the huge numbers of positive COVID-19 cases between the general populations and between the health care workers, approximately 3,300 health professionals were infected and 22 lost their lives during the pandemic [17]
Studies done in different countries have shown healthcare workers (HCWs) risk of developing mental health problems has increased due to the pandemic
Summary
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic caused by the new coronavirus known as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-2). On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 as a global pandemic. In the previous viral outbreaks in the past years, such as H1N1 influenza and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), frontline and non-front line healthcare workers (HCWs) were shown to have a high risk of infection and other adverse physical health outcomes (Xiao et al, 2020). HCWs were exposed to mental health problems due to their occupational activities even years after epidemics; these symptoms included depression, anxiety, burnout, and post-traumatic stress [2]. Psychological problems are more prevalent and significant among HCWs than other professions during the COVID-19 pandemic [3], [4]. It was reported that at least one in every five HCWs suffered from anxiety and depression, and two in five reported insomnia [5]
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