Abstract
The article discusses the main problems of the using of biomass as a fuel, including the fuel use of biomass as an innovative way to generate clean energy. It is shown that according to the development of technology for the production of renewable energy sources, energy costs will decrease, and the operating time of the devices and, accordingly, their productivity will increase. Ultimately, this will allow to get a positive result, i.e. reduce harmful emissions from energy production. The methodology basis on the open statistics data and analysis of the energy balance of new energy production technologies are considered. The motivation for the using renewable energy sources in industrialized and developing countries is investigated. A review of new technologies for the using biomass as a fuel is made, which allows for efficient processing of biomass, including gasification, co-production of heat and electricity, fuel use of combustible gases generated at landfills, and production of fuel for transport in the form of methanol and biodiesel.
Highlights
Priorities in the use of various types of fuel and energy resources are changing quite quickly
By 1975, the share of coal was less than 30%, about the same was accounted for by natural gas, while oil consumption became decisive and exceeded 40%
Since the mid-1970s, there has been a relative decline in oil consumption, and the share of natural gas in the total balance of used fuel and energy resources has been increasing
Summary
Priorities in the use of various types of fuel and energy resources are changing quite quickly. Since the mid-1970s, there has been a relative decline in oil consumption, and the share of natural gas in the total balance of used fuel and energy resources has been increasing. In the 21st century, oil, gas and products of their processing will play a decisive role in the world fuel and energy balance This fact is confirmed by a large number of publications [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11]. Even though there are significant reserves of coal in the world, the main problem associated with the expansion of its use in the fuel and energy complex is the harmful impact on the environment of the products of its combustion [13]
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