The leverage points framework enhanced by an unconscious perspective

As an introduction to simple logic design procedures, we shall consider a system which is required to act as a safety interlock to prevent an electric motor running in a situation when damage can result. Such safety interlock systems have been used for many years of course and often use relay circuits. Although the systems may be and often are designed by purely intuitive means, boolean techniques may be applied and will be used in this case.

An essential principle of psychoanalytic practice is the maintenance of strict confidentiality, and yet the presentation and publication of psychoanalytic case histories necessitate considerable public disclosure of the lives of our patients. Inasmuch as psychoanalysis is a particularly frequent, intensive, and lengthy process, a report of the unfolding of an analysis necessarily entails considerable revelation concerning patients, their inner worlds, and their life circumstances. This use of confidential material raises innumerable ethical concerns, and psychoanalysis, with its unique emphasis on unconscious mental processes, also adds to the complexity of ethical considerations by demanding that we take unconscious factors into account. When we speak, for example, of “informed consent” as an ethical principle, we as psychoanalytic clinicians must grapple with the problem of whether to take a patient's manifest acquiescence at face value. This article explores such ethical considerations along with other ethical and clinical complications in the presentation of analytic material for professional purposes.

PurposeThe intention of this paper is: first, to raise awareness in organizations of the ubiquitous nature of thinking in teams and informal groups; second, to provide the reader with conceptual tools for understanding the subtle dynamics of “team‐level” thinking; and third, to offer some practical suggestions to leaders and consultants on ways of actively working to increase the quality of collective thinking in work places.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is largely theoretical and extends current theory about the utilization of knowledge and intelligence in teams and organizations.FindingsThe four core elements to effective collective thinking are proposed as: shared clarity of purpose; emotionally and psychologically mature functioning on the part of key players; the necessity for psychologically safe “thinking spaces”; and shared responsibility for building, maintaining and utilizing the thinking space. It is further proposed that many essential influences on collective thinking exist outside the usual limits of awareness – that is, they occur as unconscious processes – and so developing powerful collective thinking requires that attention be paid to symbolic, non‐rational and intuitive patterns in teams and organizations.Practical implicationsThe paper provides theoretical and practical frameworks that enable members of organizations directly address factors influencing the quality of collective thinking in the systems in which they are involved.Originality/valueThe fresh contribution of this paper is largely that it integrates intuitive, subtle and unconscious dynamics with rational logical principles so as to create powerful new principles to enable leaders and consultants to enhance organizational effectiveness.

500MWe sodium cooled Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor (PFBR) is in the advanced stage of construction at Kalpakkam (Tamilnadu), INDIA. PFBR is provided with two independent and fast acting shutdown systems (SDS). Each SDS consists of sensors, signal processing electronics, safety logic (SL) system, drive mechanisms and neutron absorber rods (NARs). The purpose of SDS is to reduce the reactor power rapidly during abnormal events which could otherwise lead to catastrophic situations. During an abnormal event, the NARs are rapidly inserted into the reactor core within a second, in an operation called scram. An automatic and rapid shutdown of a nuclear reactor in response to an abnormal event is known as scram. Safety Logic (SL) system continuously monitors the state of various reactor scram parameters (i.e. the events requiring prompt reactor shutdown), and performs 2-out-of-3 (2oo3) voting on each scram parameter thus enables/disables the flow of current in the Electro-Magnet (EM) coils, which are holding the NARs. During an abnormal event (For example: rapid and uncontrolled increase in neutron flux inside reactor core, core temperature crossing its set limits etc.) SL system initiates reactor shutdown action by de-energizing the EM-Coils causing all the NARs to drop into the reactor core under gravity. The scram parameters are triplicated to achieve high availability and reliability. The design of SL system was carried out using VHDL and targeted to Simple Programmable Logic Devices (SPLDs) and Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGAs) devices. The probable faults in digital logic devices are stuck-at faults (i.e. stuck-at-'0' or stuck-at-'1'). For SL System, stuck-at-'0' is a safe condition whereas stuck-at-'1' is a dangerous condition (i.e. during an abnormal event SL may not be able to initiate reactor shutdown action). Hence, to diagnose safe and dangerous failures in SL system, an online test facility i.e. Fine Impulse Test (FIT) system has been provided. FIT system injects short duration test pulses periodically at the input stage of SL system in various combinations and verifies the propagation of these test pulses by monitoring the output stage of SL system. FIT system detects safe and dangerous failures in SL system, ensures its availability periodically. FIT system has also been implemented using VHDL and targeted to FPGA devices. This paper discusses the design and implementation of Safety Logic with Fine Impulse Test (SLFIT) system for one of the reactor shutdown systems of PFBR. This paper focuses on the design methodology, design implementation and qualification testing of the SLFIT system.

<p>Diverse concepts have emerged in recent decades which (at least in their rhetoric) aim to instigate processes that make cities more resilient to climate change and support more sustainable urban development (Coaffee and Lee 2016; Hodson and Marvin 2017). With regards to urban water management, the Water-Sensitive City (WSC) is one such concept that promotes urban water planning to “protect, maintain and enhance the multiple benefits and services of the total urban water cycle that are highly valued by society” (Wong and Brown 2009, 674). The WSC, along with related integrated urban water management concepts have seen growing scholarly attention in recent years (see e.g. Fletcher et al. 2015). The emergence of such concepts reflects the growing demand for more sophisticated and integrated understanding and management of urban water systems. Such an ambitious model represents a broadening of the competencies and responsibilities of practitioners involved in water management and improved coordination with other urban sectors. Thus, such changes (must) typically coincide with changes amongst actors engaged directly or indirectly in water management, along with the prevailing institutional arrangements that govern their activities.</p> <p>Yet very little is known about processes of institutionalisation of such concepts within socio-technical regimes such as those that characterise urban water systems (Fuenfschilling and Truffer 2014). This paper aims to map processes of institutionalisation of concepts associated with the Water-Sensitive City amongst practitioners working in urban water management related fields in the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg. The research explores changes in the institutional arrangements between 1990 and 2020.</p> <p><strong>References</strong></p> <p>Coaffee, J., and P. Lee. 2016. <em>Urban Resilience:</em> <em>Planning for Risk, Crisis and Uncertainty</em>. Macmillan International Higher Education.</p> <p>Fletcher, T. D., W. Shuster, W. F. Hunt, R. Ashley, D. Butler, S. Arthur, S. Trowsdale, et al. 2015. ‘SUDS, LID, BMPs, WSUD and More – The Evolution and Application of Terminology Surrounding Urban Drainage’. <em>Urban Water Journal</em> 12 (7): 525–42. https://doi.org/10.1080/1573062X.2014.916314.</p> <p>Fuenfschilling, L., and B. Truffer. 2014. ‘The Structuration of Socio-Technical Regimes - Conceptual Foundations from Institutional Theory’. <em>Research Policy</em> 43 (4): 772–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2013.10.010.</p> <p>Hodson, M., and S. Marvin. 2017. ‘Intensifying or Transforming Sustainable Cities? Fragmented Logics of Urban Environmentalism’. <em>Local Environment</em> 22 (sup1): 8–22. https://doi.org/10.1080/13549839.2017.1306498.</p> <p>Wong, T. H. F., and R. R. Brown. 2009. ‘The Water Sensitive City: Principles for Practice’. <em>Water Science and Technology</em> 60 (3): 673–82. https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2009.436.</p> <p> </p>

The Lisbon Treaty introduced key institutional changes to increase the relevance of elections to the European Parliament (EP). Among these was the ‘Spitzenkandidaten process’, which was introduced with the aim to increase the visibility of the EP elections and mobilise more citizens to turnout to vote. This article investigates the effect that the debates among the Lead Candidates had on voters’ perceptions about candidates and policy issues. To do this, we administered a two-wave panel online survey to a sample of students from different European universities prior to the Spitzenkandidaten debates and directly after them, following the logic of a quasi-experimental research design. Following a difference-in-differences approach, we gauge the extent to which those respondents who were exposed to the debates increased their degree of information about the candidates and changed their perceptions about the candidates and their policy positions. The findings reveal that respondents who followed the debate felt significantly more informed to make up their minds about the candidates as well as to make their vote decisions, and show that the debate slightly improved their perceptions of the policy positions of those candidates who they had intended to vote for.

This chapter discusses the RTL coding and synthesis using VHDL for the key combinational arithmetic resources such as adders, subtractors, multipliers, and comparators. This chapter is useful for the beginners to understand about the use of the concurrent and sequential VHDL constructs such as process, if then else, case, and their use in the design of combinational logic. Even this chapter discusses the code converters, data selectors as multiplexers, decoders, and encoders. This chapter is organized in such a way that it covers simple logic design and gate delay concepts to the priority logic design. This chapter concludes with the summary.

Computer Architecture consists of some basic design based on Computer Organization and Architecture (COA) such as logic design. Leading students to improve knowledge about COA needs a comprehensive learning with a working simulation of a simple 8-bit Central Processing Unit (CPU). The Design based on Von Neumann Architecture that generally includes Registers, Bus Interface, ALU, Memory and their structures. The CPU Architecture simulation used Logisim which capable to performs the digital logic simulation. Logisim has an ability to perform digital logic to build subcircuit become a larger circuit in a single environment from low-level combinational and sequential circuits to build a complete CPU. An undergraduate student has suffered to study COA with the theory that explained in several lessons, the lesson explained a structure and an architecture computer only. There are not providing a simulation that explained step by step computer architecture. This research to propose design and implementation 8-bit CPU (Central Processing Unit) architecture that designed and implemented step by step that created in Logisim and used the simplest design that is Mic-1. So the simulation easy to visualize then the Undergraduate Student can learn about the next competency which is to design and make a specific purpose computer.

We describe an estimator that merges two functions that are key in integrity monitoring: fault detection and fault exclusion. One of the main contributions of this work is the derivation of a protection level with an analytical proof of both integrity and continuity for the proposed estimator. This estimator offers a new way to implement FDE for integrity monitoring, and it may provide better worst-case performance, a simpler logic in the algorithm design, and a smoother behavior of the state estimates than standard approaches. The proposed method is evaluated in an Advanced RAIM scenario.

This article investigates in which way sustainable entrepreneurship can generate institutional change that transforms markets towards sustainability. A transformation of models of economic organization and market structures through sustainable entrepreneurship fosters the path towards sustainability. Institutional change involves sustainable market entrepreneurs as institutional entrepreneurs that operate in an effectual manner in different market transformation phases. Sustainable market entrepreneurs while seeking entrepreneurial opportunities simultaneously shape existing market structures and market conditions in different sustainable market transformation phases thereby creating new opportunities. Accordingly, a framework that explains institutional change prompted by sustainable market entrepreneurs in market transformation phases is developed. In this framework, various interventions which encourage sustainable market entrepreneurs to co‐create with the stakeholders of their choice are strategized. The provided framework enhances the understanding of the versatile role of sustainable market entrepreneurs and potentially the leverage of their actions towards institutional impact over time.

In the cooperation project ‘YOUMIG,’ funded by the INTERREG Danube transnational programme, challenges of youth migration were discussed in a transnational consortium consisting of project partners from different countries from Central and Eastern Europe experiencing difficulties such as a declining population and outmigration, as well as immigration of young people, which necessitated the provision of an integration infrastructure. Project outcomes included strategies as well as pilot activities performed by local-level authorities. The following article will consider outcomes as well as experiences from stakeholders involved in the project and investigate individual and organizational learning processes throughout the project. It will elaborate on the question of the extent to which transnational cooperation can potentially facilitate sustainable institutional changes and transformation. The results confirm the potential of transnational cooperation towards triggering learning and institutional change. Nevertheless, they underline that in the context of the project, the learning processes that could be achieved were predominantly of an individual nature and that the tangible outcomes could not lead to sustainable institutional changes.

ABSTRACTInexplicable tensions and paradoxes exist between the underlying assumptions and logics of design and the related management perspectives. This paper aims to contribute to the design management literature by introducing entrepreneurship as an alternative management perspective. Entrepreneurship holds the capacity to add new valuable managerial meaning to the term design management that does not disrupt the uniqueness of design. A differentiation is made between two logics of management – administrative management and entrepreneurial management – and the article argues against a one-management-style-fits-all-design-processes approach. Design associated with complex and wicked problems may be more closely associated with entrepreneurial design management, whereas design based on simpler and tamer design problems may align better with administrative design management. A framework of entrepreneurial design management is introduced and the theoretical and practical implications of entrepreneurship as a platform for design management are brought into perspective.

Purpose Participatory approaches to organizational change offer many benefits, yet change leaders struggle to relinquish control. This study aims to use psychodynamic methods to explore the conscious and unconscious dynamics that impact how leaders conceptualize and enact their change leadership roles. Design/methodology/approach This exploratory, multiple-case design collected data from eight business leaders through free association narrative interviews and graphic elicitation. Within-case and cross-case individual analyses were conducted using a combination of structured pattern finding and a gestalt approach. Findings Results show leaders struggle to balance primary task obligations with secondary task expectations, creating tension and a double-task bind. This can result in the performance rather than genuine implementation of participatory change, allowing leaders to appear collaborative and maintain control. Whether conscious or unconscious, this can lead to a self-fulfilling prophecy of failed participatory change. Originality/value This study is the first to use a combination of psychodynamic methods to explore the complex dynamics of participatory change leadership and demonstrates the value of noting both conscious and unconscious processes that impact role formation.

In this article, a proceeding from the 2022 STA National Conference, Dr. Marion Anderson describes the treatment of a woman in her twenties who initially presented with suicidal ideation, eating disorder, depression and relationship difficulties. The impact of unconscious dynamics associated with a negative mother complex was identified and treated during the course of therapy lasting sixteen months. The patient's stifled creative potential and independence revealed her unconscious dynamics and reactions. The author discusses the complex subtleties of her countertransference and how it was used to better understand the patient's experience. Through the lens of Jungian analysis/ analytic psychotherapy, the author explores the patient's gradual reclamation of personal agency and the therapeutic necessity of addressing both the client's and the therapist's unconscious processes. Key to the therapeutic/ analytic progress was the recognition and dismantling of the negative mother complex, which had fostered emotional paralysis, perfectionism, and suicidal ideation. In time the client became more conscious of the negative mother complex and developed a more symbolic understanding of herself.

This article describes short-term therapy in an experiential transactional analysis group based on applications of classical transactional analysis concepts. Using a case example, the authors demonstrate how this approach can be used to address both intrapsychic and interpersonal processes. They also propose a connection between the Freudian concept of “faulty acts” and impasse theory. Moreover, links are elaborated between intrapsychic and interpersonal processes in transactional analysis using the concepts of impasses, games, and transactions. The connections between psychoanalysis and transactional analysis concepts are described followed by diagnosis of the client's relational and unconscious dynamics so as to integrate the case material with the theory.