The Lethal Effects of Nicotinamide Combined With Nonfocused Ultrasound on Human Pulmonary Carcinoma Cell Line A549 in Suspension

Abstract

Objective: To explore the lethal effects of nicotinamide combined with nonfocused ultrasound (NFU) on human pulmonary carcinoma A549 cell live in suspension and provide new evidence for killing the cancer cells in hydrothorax and hydroperitonia or malignant cells infiltrating in tissues. Patients and Methods: Six groups were set in our experiment: blank control group, NA group, NFU group in 0 C, NFU group in 37 C, NA-combined NFU group in 0 C, and NA-combined NFU group in 37 C. Instant and 24-hour survival rates of A549 cells treated by different methods were determined based on the trypan blue exclusive assay, growth rates were detected by MTT after 24 hours, capability of cell colony formation was detected by clone formation test, changes in construction and form of Climbing film cells could be observed under the light microscope after 24 hours, and the percentage changes of apoptosis and the distributional percentage of the cell cycle were analyzed with flow cytometry. Results: Instant and 24-hour survival rates, growth rates, and capability of cell colony formation of A549 cells decreased more obviously in NA-combined NFU group than those in the other four groups. On the contribution of NA-combined NFU, the number of karyokinesis decreased significantly, while karyopyknosis and nuclear fragmentation increased greatly. Flow cytometry showed that the apoptotic index in NA-combined NFU group was higher than that in the NA or NFU group alone, and the cell cycle was held up in G1 stage. Conclusion: Certain concentration of NA has enhancement property on NFU and can increase the irradiated effectiveness of focused ultrasound markedly, which can provide reliable evidence for clinical application of NA as an ultrasound sensitizer.