The Latin Ordinariates for the Faithful of the Oriental Rites. Genesis, Constitutional Positioning and Exposition of the Current Situation

Summary Evaluation is the most important field of efficacy in clinical education. Since knowledge of the current situation is one of the most essential requirements for planning a desirable one and students' and tutors' viewpoints act as a facilitator in this regard, we conducted this study to compare the current and desirable situation of clinical evaluation from the students' and tutors' point of view at Mashhad Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery. In this cross-sectional study, midwifery students and tutors of the Mashhad University of medical sciences were assessed. The researcher - designed questionnaires "current and desirable situation of criteria and methods in clinical evaluation" were approved by content validity and Cronbach's alpha. Descriptive and analytic statistics were used. Total score means of current and desirable criteria in clinical evaluation were: 55.2± 18.0 and 68.4±19.3 (of 100) from students' view, respectively; and: 47.0±18.3 and 72.3± 20.4 (of 100) from tutors' view, respectively. Mean total scores of current and desirable methods in clinical evaluation from students' point of view were: 51.5±17.9 and 56.5±18.3, respectively, and tutors': 55.6±16.0 and 69.5±14.4 (of 100), respectively. The findings showed that the current situation of criteria and methods in midwifery clinical evaluation differs from the desirable situation, i.e. the current status score of criteria and methods is lower than the desirable ones. Therefore, we can improve the current situation with criteria and methods in clinical evaluation by using desirable situation.

The future of work has long been an important topic of academic and managerial interest as well as of policy making. Yet, we still know little about how people who do the work consider its future. It is important to study this issue especially when the current situation is disrupted because imagining the future becomes especially crucial yet more challenging. This study asks how people imagine the future of their work when their present is deeply disrupted. It builds upon scholarship on the future of work and the role of digital technologies in bringing it about as well as on imagined futures. It examines longitudinally the case of an online community whose participants reacted to the COVID-19 pandemic that upended their current work situation and made their future more uncertain. This study contributes to scholarship on the future of work by highlighting the importance of people’s considerations not only of the future, but also of the ways in which their imagined future is connected to their current situation. It also adds to scholarship on online communities by revealing them as settings where people get to confront their current situation and collectively generate imaginations of the future.

Chapter 12 - Compelling vision

Primary objective: To identify the current legal situation and professional practice in assisting persons with traumatic brain injury (TBI) to return to safe driving after injury.Methods and procedures: A brief review of relevant literature, a description of the current statutory and quasi-statutory authorities regulating return to driving after TBI in the UK and a description of the nature and resolution of clinical and practical dilemmas facing professionals helping return to safe driving after TBI. Each of the 15 UK mobility centres was contacted and literature requested; in addition a representative of each centre responded to a structured telephone survey.Main outcome and results: The current situation in the UK is described, with a brief analysis of the strengths and weaknesses both of the current statutory situation, and also the practical situation (driving centres), with suggestions for improvements in practice.Conclusion: Although brain injury may cause serious limitations in driving ability, previous drivers are not routinely assessed or advised regarding return to driving after TBI.

We undertook a cost-effectiveness analysis of the Spanish Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT) program for end-stage renal disease patients from a societal perspective. The current Spanish situation was compared with several hypothetical scenarios. A Markov chain model was used as a foundation for simulations of the Spanish RRT program in three temporal horizons (5, 10, and 15 years). The current situation (scenario 1) was compared with three different scenarios: increased proportion of overall scheduled (planned) incident patients (scenario 2); constant proportion of overall scheduled incident patients, but increased proportion of scheduled incident patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD), resulting in a lower proportion of scheduled incident patients on hemodialysis (HD) (scenario 3); and increased overall proportion of scheduled incident patients together with increased scheduled incidence of patients on PD (scenario 4). The incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) of scenarios 2, 3, and 4, when compared with scenario 1, were estimated to be, respectively, -€83 150, -€354 977, and -€235 886 per incremental quality-adjusted life year (ΔQALY), evidencing both moderate cost savings and slight effectiveness gains. The net health benefits that would accrue to society were estimated to be, respectively, 0.0045, 0.0211, and 0.0219 ΔQALYs considering a willingness-to-pay threshold of €35 000/ΔQALY. Scenario 1, the current Spanish situation, was dominated by all the proposed scenarios. Interestingly, scenarios 3 and 4 showed the best results in terms of cost-effectiveness. From a cost-effectiveness perspective, an increase in the overall scheduled incidence of RRT, and particularly that of PD, should be promoted.

Based on the online survey conducted among school principals, the paper demonstrates the main problems when making management decisions in an extreme situation caused by the war in Ukraine. The author identified social risks and unforeseen challenges faced by principals of the Ukrainian general secondary education institutions (GSEI) when performing their functional duties during the war. It was revealed that in the current situation, the school principals fulfil not only traditional functions oforganizing the educational process but also new ones, determined by the current situation, i.e., guaranteeing the safety of all process participants; ensuring their all-round support, legally accurate registration of educational activities in wartime conditions, etc. It is shown that the change in the functionality of the general secondary education institutions principal under the influence of certain events and public requests is not an accidental phenomenon caused by the current war situation but is more a historical regularity inherent in the development of Ukrainian education from the very origins of its creation. The paper demonstrates that the list of functions and competencies defined by the professional standard “Principal of a general secondary education institution” did not cover the entire scope of processes provided by the head of the general secondary education institutions, their managerial actions in extreme situations, that is, the implementation of the crisis-resolving function, which requires appropriate training. In this regard, the results of the conducted research allow us to see that in the current situation of a full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation on the territory of sovereign Ukraine, school leaders need enhanced legal training, deepening of financial literacy, psychological and other types of support. Recommendations have been developed for bringing the training in the system of advanced training of the heads of the general secondary education institutions to new demands, caused by the need to deepen knowledge for making effective management decisions in war conditions, in particular, regarding the strengthening of the legal component of training plans; introduction of training courses with working out cases of sharing one’s own experience in solving non-intersecting issues in particular situations; preparation for work in extreme situations as a core component of the block of psychological disciplines; deepening of financial awareness in conditions of funding uncertainty; familiarization with fundraising, the need for which became acute during the war and will remain relevant in the post-war conditions of recovery of the country’s economy; the expediency of developing an innovative course to strengthen the formation of national identity, national stability, loyalty and the value field of the Ukrainian people not through the traditional transfer of knowledge about historical facts and the literary works, but through awareness of the historical mission of Ukrainians in the struggle for their right to life in an independent state.

Objective To investigate the current situation and influence factors of innovation ability of nursing graduate students. Methods A total of 270 nursing graduate students from 42 universities were surveyed using the Innovation & Creativity Effectiveness Assessment (ICEA) by convenience sampling between March 2016 and November 2016. Results There were 88.1% of nursing graduate students with a total innovation ability score of lower than 4 points, which was at a lower level. Ages, international conferences, other academic activities and the time of supervisors on supervising students significantly affected scores of innovation ability on nursing students (P<0.05) . Conclusions The current cultivation situation of innovation ability of nursing graduate students was not optimistic. The cultivation of the innovation ability is a systematic and complicated program which acquires multiply strategies to improve students' innovation ability. Key words: Nursing care; Education, graduate; Innovation ability

To provide clean energy at a lower cost to their citizens, all nations of the world are striving to increase their energy production in an environmentally friendly way. Benin has also joined this dynamic by considerably increasing its green energy production efforts in recent years. The country has a huge undeveloped renewable-energy (RE) potential that can contribute considerably to its national energy production capacity. This paper summarizes the current RE situation in Benin and examines its future prospects. The current energy situation of the country is discussed, followed by an examination of its electricity demand-and-supply situation. The country has been found to depend heavily on natural gas and petroleum products from neighbouring countries and has ~41% of national electricity access. However, the government is taking considerable steps to implement RE projects in the country. The study analyzes government targets in the energy sector with existing policies and institutional frameworks. Recommendations are made for the benefit of the government, the private sector and other actors in order to developing the RE potential of Benin.

A FOrward Simulation for Situation Evaluation (FOSSE) approach for evaluating game situations is proposed in this paper. FOSSE approach considers multiple future situations to quantitatively evaluate the current game situations. Since future situations are not available during an ongoing game in real time, they are generated by what is called forward simulation. Then the current game situation is evaluated using the future game situations as well as the current situation itself. First, we show the evaluation performance can be increased by using successive situations in time through preliminary experiments. Especially, the effectiveness of using future information rather than using past information is shown. Then, we present FOSSE approach where both the current and the future information of game situations are used to evaluate the current game situation. In the FOSSE approach, the future game situations are generated by forward simulation. Computational experiments are conducted to investigate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

The chapter analyses the current legal situation of whistleblowers in work-related context in Poland. Protection of whistleblowers is not regulated by a single comprehensive legal act but may be granted on the basis of different pieces of legislation as well as according to the case law of the Supreme Court, which established the concept of ‘permissible criticism’ expressed by a worker. The level of whistleblower protection is by no means satisfactory, especially as regards atypical workers. The author assesses the shortcomings of the current legal situation and presents proposals for improvement in the light of the EU Whistleblower Protection Directive and international conventions ratified by Poland.

On the basis of current development situations of planting, scientific research and processing of kiwifruit industry in Guizhou Province, the paper analyzes main factors restricting development of kiwifruit industry, including lack of unified planning, standardized planting specifications, and backward management of kiwifruit orchard. In accordance with current development situations and restricting factors, the paper presents some countermeasures for development of kiwifruit industry in Guizhou Province, including scientific planning, optimizing variety structure, management of cultivation technology, training of kiwifruit farmers, as well as marketing.

BackgroundThere is no tradition of serving school lunches in primary schools in the Netherlands. Most children tend to bring their own packed lunch, however these are often nutritionally suboptimal. While school lunch provision can aid healthy eating behavior amongst children, its introduction would constitute a profound change for children, parents and school staff. Therefore, this qualitative study aims to explore children’s, parents and school staffs’ perceptions of both the current lunch situation and the implementation of school lunch provision within primary schools in the Netherlands.MethodsIn this qualitative study we conducted nine interviews with school principals, 98 interviews with children, and held six focus groups with teachers and six with parents at primary schools in two Dutch cities. The data was analysed via iterative coding.ResultsThe results showed that most children and parents are satisfied with the current lunch situation, although existing school food policies are not always put in place. Most teachers felt that children had insufficient time to consume their lunch in the current situation. The children were generally positive about the idea of a school lunch, and stressed that it was important to have the ability to choose. While both parents and school staff saw school lunch provision as an opportunity to educate families about healthy food options, they also expressed concern about who would be responsible, as well as the financial and organizational implications of its introduction.ConclusionsPerceptions of children, parents and school staff about a school provided lunch are mixed. A complex intervention such as a new school lunch program is difficult to envisage for all parties involved and more research is needed regarding the effects, organization, logistics and the costs of school lunch provision in the Netherlands.

The current reality situation can be described as atypical and caused significant changes in all areas of human life. COVID-related experiences made people revaluate themselves and reconsider their plans. The research objective was to describe the current reality situation and its effect on resilience. Because of the lock down of March-April 2020, the research was conducted as online testing and involved 131 people (female – 56 %) aged 18–75 years (18–21 years – 39 respondents; 22–35 – 50 respondents; 36–60 – 37 respondents; 61–75 – 5 respondents), of whom 74 people were single and 57 were married. The obtained data were processed using methods of descriptive statistics, while statistical analysis of differences between groups were described based on H-Kraskel-Wallis Test, Mann-Whitney U-test, and Fischer Angular Transformation Criterion. The empirical study included S. Maddi's Resilience Test as adapted by D. A. Leontyev and E. I. Rasskazova, as well as the method of Semantic Differential of the Reality Situation developed by O. V. Alexandrova and I. B. Dermanova. The authors analyzed the way the participants coped with the pandemic situation and attributed it to the type of adversities. The pandemic interrupted the continuity of life and interfered with the internal needs, e.g. motives, aspirations, values, etc. Groups with different socio-demographic background showed little difference in the way they coped with the reality situation; however, the differences in the level of resilience were more pronounced. The major difference between the groups was that a high level of resilience appeared to provide positive expectations and made it possible to see it not as critically complex. In some cases, participants with medium and low levels of resilience coped with the current situation better than the rest. The authors see the content of one’s inner work in an adverse situation as a self-organized process of understanding the situation in the context of one’s life path, gaining new meanings, and strengthening one’s resources.

Coronavirus Disease 2019 in 5 Neighboring Limited-Resource Countries: A Financial and Health Threat

Relationship between public and private sector is becoming an increasingly important issue in management of agricultural extension services. The need for a strong linkage could be identified as the gap between desirable and current situation. In this research, the differences among current and desirable situation in six diverse dimensions was calculated. The current and desirable situation was evaluated from the overview of two groups of experts in public (n=36) and private (n=59) sector in Sari township. The research instrument was a questionnaire which was filled during interviews. Reliability and validity of questionnaire was verified using Chronbach’s alpha test and views of panel of experts respectively. Results showed that there is a need to reinforce the link between public and private extension, especially in case of organizational structure system. This study showed that, the linkage between decision making and planning system of extension system is inappropriate and should be improved.