Abstract
In a communication of 20 December 1941, Colonel Piekenbrock, the head of Section 1 of the Abwehr, after noting the effect of America's entry into the war upon the supply situation of German secret intelligence, drew the attention of Auswartiges Amt's representative at the High Command of Armed Forces (OKW) to the consequent need for intensifying intelligence collection in the neutral countries of Europe. Several facts, however, suggest that a number of important steps in this direction, had already been taken. Thus in May 1941, Dr Karl-Heinz Kramer, a member of Major Nikolaus Ritter's Abwehr Air Intelligence Staff in Hamburg, was sent to Stockholm to investigate the possibility of opening up intelligence activities in Sweden directed against Great Britain and the USA. This visit was followed by several others and by November 1942 he was attached to the. German Legation on a more permament footing. From the Swedish capital, Dr Kramer supplied various German central intelligence organs with a continuous flow of information virtually to the end of the war.
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