Abstract

Photo 1: Encholirium spectabile clump during the flowering period (April 2018). Flowering stems can grow to about five meters and are visited by many organisms (vertebrates and invertebrates), such as hummingbirds, bats, and small insects. Photo credit: Jaqueiuto Jorge. Photo 2: Clumps of E. spectabile arranged along a rocky outcrop in the Brazil’s semiarid Caatinga region. Clumps form isolated habitats, with different sizes and architectures, and cover large areas of rocky outcrops. Photo credit: Jaqueiuto Jorge. Photo 3: Nest of the white dove (Columbina picui) amid the leaves of the E. spectabile bromeliad. Several species of birds usually nest among the thorny leaves of these bromeliads, thus keeping the nests protected from potential predators. Photo credit: Jaqueiuto Jorge. Photo 4: The bat (Lonchophylla mordax) approaching the inflorescence of E. spectabile to feed on the nectar of the flowers. This is one of the bat species of pollinators of rupicolous bromeliads in the study area. Photo credit: Luciana Rocha. These photographs illustrate the article “The rupicolous bromeliad (Encholirium spectabile) as a keystone species for Brazilian semi-arid biodiversity” by Jaqueiuto da Silva Jorge, Eliza Maria Xavier Freire, and Adriano Caliman published in Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.3357.

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