Abstract
After 50 years of research and billions of dollars from federal funding, the world has not yet seen an artificial heart that lives up to its name. With over 25 years of research and development in diaphragm and pusher plate artificial hearts, the Maximum Stroke Volume (MSV) is severely influenced and restricted by the AP dimension of the cardiothoracic cavity. This 25 year-old trade-off game between AP dimension and cardiac output will always end in failure and will become even worse in an EHAH development situation. The fundamental objectives of this paper will not only address and reveal the shortcomings of the popular diaphragm and pusher plate designs of artificial hearts, but also to present the design criteria and research procedures behind the successful animal and clinical implantation of the pneumatic PHOENIX-7 artificial heart. To properly overcome the restrictions of the cardiothoracic cavity and MSV, the pneumatic PHOENIX-7 artificial heart consists of a 7 cm AP dimension, 100ml MSV, egg shaped flat base plate, and a synchronized centrally actuated pumping action. The successful development of the PHOENIX-7 EHAH will not only require utilizing the basic design criteria and specifications behind the pneumatic PHOENIX-7 artificial heart, but also must include a redundancy mechanism in order to ensure the safety of the patient.
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