Abstract
Women’s involvement in the production of melinjo chips were related to the low educational level and less skill. They only had skill in producing melinjo chips that they inherited from their parents. Women who worked to produce melinjo chips were only to help their husband to improve their household economy. In addition, collector companies only recognized man as workers; therefore, only man who got the salary. Qualitative research was used as the research method with 10 informants consisted of men and women. Research result indicated that the involvement of women in the production of melinjo chips was marginalized where salary was not calculated despite their involvement in the whole production process. Moreover, there was no recognition for women’s work and they had no health insurance and social protection from the collector companies.
Highlights
It seems that radical feminism movement, Marxist liberal and women studies in various approaches have similar focus and scope, which is discrimination on women in domestic and private and extra domestic or public levels (Rinaldo 2008; Panjwani 2005)
Qualitative research was used to describe the involvement of women in public activities, which is the production of melinjo chips to improve household economy of rural farmers, time spent, decision making in the family and marginalization experienced by women
The involvement of working women in melinjo chips production to improve household economy was in term of wage and income gained from their work was incalculable they involved in the whole production process of the chips
Summary
It seems that radical feminism movement, Marxist liberal and women studies in various approaches have similar focus and scope, which is discrimination on women in domestic and private and extra domestic or public levels (Rinaldo 2008; Panjwani 2005). It is stated that the condition is existed due to patriarchy ideology internalized into the awareness structure of society that construct the perspective of women world into a masculine power framework. Gender relation is politically constructed masculine domination continues to grow and develop that results in a kind of colonization in term of power colonization (Hung, Yoong and Brown 2012). Gender difference is not an issue as long as it does not cause inequality to women and man. Gender difference has created inequality both for women and man. The condition is marked with the existence of role standardization causing inequality in terms of, among other, economic impoverishment process, subordination, violence against women, stereotyping, dual roles and
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