Abstract
Almost monthly sensing of the troposphere from 500 to 7000 m above Karakansky bor (Novosibirsk Province) are conducted since 1997 up to now by using of the aircraft-laboratory "Optik" based on Antonov-30 or Tupolev-134. Aerosol sampling on to Petryanov filters AFA-CP-20 for subsequent laboratory quantitative analysis of the content of inorganic ions and the next elements in the aerosol composition: Al, Ba, Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sn, Ti, V, Be, Cd, Si, Co, Cr, Sr, Zn, Zr was performed for each flight. For the region of the study of tropospheric aerosol, the chemical composition of the aerosol was classified for the main air masses during the period of airborne sounding from September 1997 to June 2017 - continental arctic, continental moderate, and combined into one “southern” group of the continental tropical and subtropical air masses. Explicit "southern" origin, along with silicon, have chromium, manganese, silver and bicarbonate-anion. To the same group, the ions of chlorine and sodium are attracted, which probably were transported together with salt particles originating from Central Asian deserts.
Highlights
With respect to the study area centered over the southern part of Novosibirsk region (82.25°E, 54.35°N), obviously, air masses of southern origin passing through the Central Asian region will exert the maximum influence, first of all, from the Central Asian deserts and semi-deserts on the Siberian region
Airborne sounding of the atmosphere on aircraft laboratory "Optik" held since 1997, with an almost monthly basis in the tropospheric layer up to 7 km above Karakansky bor, located 100-200 km south-west of Novosibirsk on the border with the Altai region
The tropical and subtropical air masses responsible for the entry into the atmosphere of Siberia of a desert aerosol are combined into one group to calculate the statistical characteristics (Table 1, the last column)
Summary
The main source of natural aerosol is the desert, occupying about 30% of the Earth land area. Brought with tropical and subtropical air masses, will be formed to the greatest extent by desert removals.
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