Abstract
This historic stability of Chinese civilization is due to many contributing factors: geographical isolation, the family clan organization, the conservative aspects of Confucianism. The civil service examination system was also an important factor. For twenty centuries it held a central place in Chinese life: constituting the gateway to political appointment, social prestige, educational honor, and economic success. The institution was characterized by its democratic character, its highly competitive operation, its preservation of the traditions of Confucianism and of the literati, and its absolute prohibition of any change. The influence of the system was twofold. (1) It aided in preserving the cultural unity and political stability of China. (2) Its chief defect lay in its rigid prohibition of all originality and experimentation. Thus cultural progress was rendered impossible and cultural stagnation has resulted.
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