Abstract
Ingestion of low glycemic index (LGI) carbohydrate (CHO) before exercise induced less insulin response and higher fat oxidation than that of high GI (HGI) CHO during subsequent exercise. However, the effect on the subsequent postprandial lipid profile is still unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate ingestion of CHO drinks with different GI using fructose and glucose before endurance exercise on the subsequent postprandial lipid profile. Eight healthy active males completed two experimental trials in randomized double-blind cross-over design. All participants ingested 500 mL CHO (75 g) solution either fructose (F) or glucose (G) before running on the treadmill at 60% VO2max for 1 h. Participants were asked to take an oral fat tolerance test (OFTT) immediately after the exercise. Blood samples were obtained for plasma and serum analysis. The F trial was significantly lower than the G trial in TG total area under the curve (AUC; 9.97 ± 3.64 vs. 10.91 ± 3.56 mmol × 6 h/L; p = 0.033) and incremental AUC (6.57 ± 2.46 vs. 7.14 ± 2.64 mmol/L × 6 h, p = 0.004). The current data suggested that a pre-exercise fructose drink showed a lower postprandial lipemia than a glucose drink after the subsequent high-fat meal.
Highlights
An increase in postprandial plasma triacylglycerol (TG) concentrations was suggested to cause damage on vascular subcutaneous cells and vascular walls [1]
A high CHO diet might cause a rise in very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) concentration [11,12,13] and a reduction in the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) [14], which were considered to increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD)
The results suggested that ingestion of the low glycemic index (LGI) meal induced lower insulin response and showed a significantly higher rate of fat oxidation than that of the high GI (HGI) meal during subsequent exercise [20,22]
Summary
An increase in postprandial plasma triacylglycerol (TG) concentrations was suggested to cause damage on vascular subcutaneous cells and vascular walls [1]. Katsanos and colleagues [17] showed that following moderate-intensity endurance exercise there was significantly lower insulin concentration and TG area under the curve (AUC) over 6 h after ingestion of a high-fat meal when compared to the no exercise trial. The results suggested that ingestion of the LGI meal induced lower insulin response and showed a significantly higher rate of fat oxidation than that of the HGI meal during subsequent exercise [20,22]. Ingesting CHO with a distinct GI stimulates insulin response, leading to changes in the fat oxidation rate during exercise, which possibly exerts varying degrees of influence on postprandial lipid metabolism when the body is recovering from the exercise. An extant study verified that exercise intervention effectively lowered the increased level of blood lipids due to CHO ingestion [24,25]. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of fructose versus glucose pre-exercise drinks and exercise intervention on the subsequent postprandial lipid profile
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