Abstract
A sufficient amount of precipitation and a moderate air temperature are necessary for optimal growth and development processes, as well as the formation of reproductive organs of plants. Since their excessive or insufficient amount, as well as elevated or low temperature conditions, delay or accelerate the passage of interphase periods and adversely affect the duration of vegetative and generative growth of spring barley plants. In the course of research, it was established that in order to reduce the negative impact of the weather conditions of individual years on the stability of the gross harvest of barley grain, it is necessary to carry out foliar feeding in the phase of tillering and emergence of plants into the tube with biological preparations, such as Help Rost - 2 l/ha, Organic D2-M - 1 l/ha, Azotophyte - 2 l/ha. The duration of the period of earing-full ripeness turned out to be the most contrasting in response to the application of fertilizers. Thus, in the variant with the introduction of mineral fertilizers in the dose of N15Р15К15 and with one-time treatment with biological preparations Help Rost 2 l/ha, Organic D2-M 1 l/ha, Azotophyt 2 l/ha, the duration of this period was extended by 1 day compared to the control variant and by 2 days for two-time feeding with the indicated preparations in the phase of tillering and emergence of plants into the tube. So, in general, the duration of the growing season in spring barley varieties Armaks and Swagor on the control variant were the lowest and amounted to 83 and 79 days, respectively.By carrying out one-time foliar fertilization in the budding phase with biological preparations Help Rost - 2 l/ha, Organic D2-M - 1 l/ha, Azotophyt 2 l/ha against the background of N15Р15K15 fertilizer, the length of the growing season was extended to 85 and 86 days and 81 and 82 days , it is higher than on the control variant by 2 and 4; 2 and 3 days, respectively. With a two-time foliar feeding in the phase of bushing and emergence of plants in the tube with biological preparations Help Rost - 2 l/ha, Organic D2-M - 1 l/ha and Azotophyt 2 l/ha against the background of N15Р15K15 fertilizer, the duration of the growing season was extended to 86 and 87 days.
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