Abstract
The influence of different oral contraceptives (OC) on the prevalence and severity of dysmenorrhea was investigated longitudinally (from age 19 to 24 years) in a representative sample of young women from an urban Swedish population. The women were grouped according to the type of OC used at the time of assessment: monophasic OC with low gestagen activity; progestogen-dominated monophasic OC; triphasic OC; neither OC nor an intrauterine device (IUD). At the age of 19 years, the severity of dysmenorrhea was lower in users of monophasic OCs with low gestagen activity (p < 0.05) and users of progestogen-dominated monophasic OCs (p < 0.001) compared to women who used neither OC nor an IUD. At 24 years of age, the severity of dysmenorrhea was lower in users of monophasic OCs with low gestagen activity (p < 0.001), users of progestogen-dominated monophasic OCs (p < 0.001) and users of triphasic OCs (p < 0.001), compared to women who used neither OC nor an IUD. The severity of dysmenorrhea in women who did not use an OC or IUD when 19 years old was reduced in the same women who used OCs when 24 years old, compared (p < 0.001) to women who still used neither an OC nor an IUD. There were no significant differences in the prevalence and severity of dysmenorrhea between the users of monophasic OCs, irrespective of progestagen activity, and users of triphasic preparations.
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