Abstract
Aim: The information on the effect of multiple stress and caprine pneumonia especially in a hot humid environment is limited in literature. Materials and Methods: Sixteen goats were divided into 4 groups. All goats were observed for respiratory signs while temperature was monitored daily. Dead ones were necropsied while the s The clinical, gross, histopathological, immunohistochemical scores were according to standard methods. Results: The mean total clinical score was higher in group B than group A, C and D. T The dead goats in groups A, B, C had lung lesions typical of pneumonic pasteurellosis. An average of the lung consolidation of dead animals in group A was 15%, in group B, 8.5% and group C, 6.5% mostly involving the anterior and ventral part of the lung. The immunostaining results was also similar with all the lung samples positive for both Pasteurella multocida and haemolytica especially in the groups A, B, C with enhanced severity in A > B > C. Conclusion: This further buttress the need to reduce stress in farm animals and the emergence of P. multocida over M. haemolytica in the epidemiology of bacterial caprine pneumonia in stressed goats in Malaysia.
Highlights
Pneumonia is one of the most common respiratory problem in small ruminants throughout the world with its attending increased cost of treatment
The immunostaining results was similar with all the lung samples positive for both Pasteurella multocida and Mannheimia haemolytica especially in the groups A, B, C with enhanced severity in A > B > C
The role of stress either alone or in combination with other management lapses in the natural incidence of pneumonic pasteurellosis had been well documented especially that of distant transport or shipping in cattle [2], sheep [3] and goats [4,5]
Summary
Pneumonia is one of the most common respiratory problem in small ruminants throughout the world with its attending increased cost of treatment. The most important bacterial causes of caprine pneumonia are Pasteurella multocida and Mannheimia haemolytica. Often, these pathogens occur as a result of poor management practices or as a consequence of severe stress. Viral infections, overcrowded pens, poor housing conditions, sudden environmental changes, had been reported to increase goats' susceptibility to these bacterial pneumonias [1]. The role of stress either alone or in combination with other management lapses in the natural incidence of pneumonic pasteurellosis had been well documented especially that of distant transport or shipping in cattle [2], sheep [3] and goats [4,5]. Induced stress by administration of certain drugs and the susceptibility to pneumonia had been reported to be similar to natural incidence [1]
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