The Influence of Anxiety, Self-Efficacy, and Quality of Life in Coronary Heart Disease Patients

Abstract

Background: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a serious public health problem and requires an in-depth understanding of the factors that influence it, including anxiety and self-efficacy. The aim of the research was to determine the effect of anxiety and self-efficacy on the quality of life of coronary heart disease patients. Methods: The type of research used is correlation analysis with a cross-sectional approach. The population in the study was 70 patients with coronary heart disease at a heart hospital in Indonesia. The collection technique used total sampling, so the total sample consisted of 70 respondents. The research instrument used was the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS)21, General Self-Efficacy Scale, and Medical Outcomes. Study Short Form 36. Results: The results of statistical tests for each independent variable have a partial effect on the dependent variable. The significance value for the anxiety variable is 0.034, and self-efficacy is 0.001. Simultaneous test results obtained a sig value of 0.002, meaning that anxiety and self-efficacy influence the quality of life of patients with coronary heart disease. Conclusion: Patients with lower levels of anxiety tend to have a better quality of life. A high level of self-efficacy is positively correlated with a better quality of life in coronary heart disease patients. The results of this study can provide a basis for designing more effective clinical interventions, such as stress management programs or self-empowerment programs, to improve the quality of life of coronary heart disease patients.