The implications of the European Green Deal stemming from the REPowerEU plan for Brazil–European Union relations in the sustainable fuels sector (2019–2024)

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This article examines the implications of the European Green Deal and the REPowerEU program on Brazil-European Union bilateral relations in the sustainable fuels sector from 2019 to 2024. The research is based on the global relevance of the environmental agenda, Brazil’s strategic role as a bioenergy supplier, and the EU’s position as a leader in the pursuit of energy transition and greenhouse gas emission reduction targets. The adopted methodology combines a literature review and documentary analysis, thus enabling the mapping of European and Brazilian policies, as well as an assessment of their impacts on Brazilian exports. Among the findings, the strengthening of Brazil-EU relations stands out, particularly in the development of Sustainable Aviation Fuels and green hydrogen, driven by regulations and incentives on both sides. However, first-generation biofuels face regulatory challenges, which limit their access to the European market. This study aims to contribute to a deeper understanding of energy transition dynamics and their effects on international relations.