The Impact of Zika Virus Education on Selection of Birth Control Methods Among Cuban Refugees Resettling in Louisville, Kentucky in 2016.

Abstract

Cubans represented almost 40% of all refugees resettling in KY during 2015 and 2016. Their route to the United States included extended time in areas recognized as Zika endemic, making them vulnerable to Zika virus (ZV) exposure and infection. Early availability of birth control is one strategy stressed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to delay an unintended pregnancy after ZV exposure and prevent the catastrophic impact on a developing fetus. The objectives were to determine: (a) awareness of ZV among Cuban refugees, and (b) the impact of education regarding ZV on their initial birth control decisions. During May-November 2016, 167 Cuban men and women aged 19-50 were seen by advanced practice nurses (APNs) in the University of Louisville Global Health Center (UL GHC). During the visit, awareness regarding ZV, current planned birth control method(s), and education about ZV was imparted using information developed by the CDC and provided by clinic personnel competent in delivery of culturally, socially, and linguistically appropriate messaging. Anticipated methods of birth control were then reassessed. Condom use was the most prevalent contraceptive method used before and after ZV education (29% and 58% respectively, p < .001). The influence of education regarding ZV and ZV infection on selection of birth control methods (condom use) was significant (p < .001). Findings indicate education provided by APNs regarding ZV influence birth control selection among Cuban refugees.