Abstract

The Gulf crisis which broke out in August 1 990 with the invasion of Kuwait by Iraq was to a large extent a conflict about oil. The military intervention led by the United States and a group of allies, acting with a United Nations mandate to liberate Kuwait, was also largely motivated by concerns about the possibility of long-term control of oil supplies by an unfriendly and aggressive power Iraq. Equally, the issues which gave Iraq a pretext for its invasion of Kuwait related to the ownership of oil fields and to oil prices and oil revenues, although Iraq did, of course, have broader political and regional objectives. Saddam Hussein wanted to establish himself as leader of the Arab world. He believed that

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